11
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: not found
      • Article: not found

      Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer Technology Modulates Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Neurodegeneration

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          <p class="first" id="Par1">In this study, the effects of Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC), a non-invasive physical treatment, on neuroinflammatory responses in a mouse model of parkinsonism induced by intoxication with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), were investigated <i>in vivo</i>. We found that the REAC tissue optimization treatment specific for neuro-regenerative purposes (REAC TO-RGN-N) attenuated the inflammatory picture evoked by MPTP-induced nigro-striatal damage in mice, decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory molecules and increasing anti-inflammatory mediators. Besides, there was a significant reduction of both astrocyte and microglial activation in MPTP-treated mice exposed to REAC TO-RGN-N. These results indicated that REAC TO-RGN-N treatment modulates the pro-inflammatory responses and reduces neuronal damage in MPTP-induced parkinsonism. </p>

          Related collections

          Most cited references54

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Microglia as mediators of inflammatory and degenerative diseases.

          Microglia are the principal immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and have a critical role in host defense against invading microorganisms and neoplastic cells. However, as with immune cells in other organs, microglia may play a dual role, amplifying the effects of inflammation and mediating cellular degeneration as well as protecting the CNS. In entities like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the nervous system, microglia are also critical to viral persistence. In this review we discuss the role of microglia in three diseases in which their activity is at least partially deleterious: HIV, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Evidence of active nerve cell degeneration in the substantia nigra of humans years after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine exposure.

            This report provides the first detailed neuropathological study of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in humans. All 3 subjects self-administered the drug under the impression it was "synthetic heroin" and subsequently developed severe and unremitting parkinsonism, which was L-dopa responsive, at least in the earlier stages of illness. Survival times ranged from 3 to 16 years. Neuropathological examination revealed moderate to severe depletion of pigmented nerve cells in the substantia nigra in each case. Lewy bodies were not present. In Patients 1 and 2, there was gliosis and clustering of microglia around nerve cells. Patient 3 had a similar picture and also showed large amounts of extraneuronal melanin. These findings are indicative of active, ongoing nerve cell loss, suggesting that a time-limited insult to the nigrostriatal system can set in motion a self-perpetuating process of neurodegeneration. Although the mechanism by which this occurs is far from clear, the precedent set by the cases could have broad implications for human neurodegenerative disease.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Inflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.

              The immunohistochemical demonstration of reactive microglia and activated complement components suggests that chronic inflammation occurs in affected brain regions in Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence from humans and monkeys exposed to MPTP indicates this inflammation may persist many years after the initial stimulus has disappeared. Chronic inflammation can damage host cells. Reports in the literature indicate that antiinflammatory agents inhibit dopaminergic cell death in animal models of PD, and there is one epidemiological report that their use significantly diminishes the risk of PD in humans. There is a marked elevation in the mRNA levels for complement proteins and markers of activated microglia in affected regions in PD. The upregulation appears greater than that found in inflamed arthritic joints. These data support the hypothesis that chronic inflammation may play an important role, if secondary, in the pathogenesis of PD.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Neuroscience Bulletin
                Neurosci. Bull.
                Springer Nature
                1673-7067
                1995-8218
                April 2018
                November 10 2017
                April 2018
                : 34
                : 2
                : 270-282
                Article
                10.1007/s12264-017-0188-0
                5856715
                29124672
                a953d242-9af9-4d24-94a1-aeaceeb49cdd
                © 2018

                http://www.springer.com/tdm

                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article