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      Development and effect of a cognitive enhancement gymnastics program for elderly people with dementia

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this study was to develop a cognitive enhancement gymnastics program for the elderly with dementia and to verify its effect. The study was conducted on 27 people with dementia being treated in a dementia day care center in Incheon city. No statistically significant differences were found in the measures Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening (MMSE-DS), Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS), Seoul Activities of Daily Living (S-ADL), or rock-paper-scissors. However, the MMSE-DS and rock-paper-scissors showed improvement after 12 weeks.

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          Most cited references13

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          Effects of a Physical Training Programme on Cognitive Function and Walking Efficiency in Elderly Persons with Dementia

          Objectives: To study the effects of physical stimulation based on walking exercises, equilibrium and endurance on cognitive function and walking efficiency in patients with dementia. Methods: Randomized controlled trial including 31 subjects suffering from dementia (age: 81.8 ± 5.3 years). The intervention group (n = 16) benefited from a 15-week physical activity programme involving three 1-hour sessions per week. The control group (n = 15) did not practice any physical activities. Before and after rehabilitation, all subjects were evaluated with the Rapid Evaluation of Cognitive Functions test (ERFC French version) and walking analysis. Results: After the 15 weeks of rehabilitation, the subjects from the intervention group improved their overall ERFC score (p < 0.01), while those in the control group decreased their overall ERFC score. Interactions were also observed between walking parameters and groups (p < 0.01); the intervention group improved walking capacities through heightened walking speed, stride length and a reduction in double limb support time. Lastly, the subjects from the control group presented a reduction in both walking speed and stride length. Conclusion: This study shows that a physical activity programme can slow cognitive decline and improve quality of walking in elderly persons suffering from dementia.
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            Effect of regular exercise on senile dementia patients.

            Dementia population worldwide is considerable in elderly people. Exercise regulates the brain function, but the mechanism by which it does so is unknown. The effect of regular exercise on cognitive function and exercise capacity in senile dementia patients was investigated. Thirty female patients with senile dementia who participated in the study were divided into two groups: the exercise group (EG, n = 15) and the control group (CG, n = 15). The exercise group completed a regular exercise program, and their cognitive function, activities of daily living and exercise capacity levels were evaluated at baseline, 6 months and after 12 months. Subjects exercised 30 - 60 minutes per day, 2 - 3 times per week for 12 months. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) (pre: 14.53 +/- 5.34, post: 17.47 +/- 6.90) and ADL (pre: 14.40 +/- 5.32, post: 17.53 +/- 5.46) scores were significantly enhanced in the exercise group with senile dementia, compared to those in the control group. Exercise capacities such as cardiopulmonary function (pre: 128.47 +/- 55.43, post: 184.40 +/- 41.16), muscle strength (pre: 10.07 +/- 3.61, post: 13.7 +/- 3.90), muscular endurance (pre: 8.13 +/- 4.45, post: 12.13 +/- 5.14), flexibility (- 1.53 +/- .30, post: 2.20 +/- .70, balance (pre: 1.73 +/- .28, post: 1.20 +/- .77), and agility (pre: 21.80 +/- 3.24, post: 10.87 +/- 2.99) also increased in the exercise group. Our findings showed that regular exercise can enhance cognitive and functional activity scores in dementia patients, suggesting that senile dementia may improve by participating in a regular exercise program.
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              Validation of geriatric depression scale, Korean version (GDS) in the assessment of DSM-Ⅲ-R major depression

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Exerc Rehabil
                J Exerc Rehabil
                Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation
                Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation
                2288-176X
                2288-1778
                August 2016
                31 August 2016
                : 12
                : 4
                : 340-345
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Physical Education, College of Teacher, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, Korea
                [2 ]Gymnastics for All, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
                [3 ]Department of Sport Leisure, College of Sports Science, Yongin University, Yongin, Korea
                [4 ]World Gymnastics for All Institute, Yongini, Korea
                [5 ]Department of Dance, College of Art, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
                [6 ]Department of Exercise Rehabilitation & Welfare, College of Health Science, Gachon Universtity, Incheon, Korea
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Ji-Youn Kim, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2325-1921, Department of Exercise Rehabilitation & Welfare, College of Health Science, Gachon Universtity, 191 Hombakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea, Tel: +82-32-820-4441, Fax: +82-32-820-4000, E-mail: eve14jiyoun@ 123456naver.com
                Article
                jer-12-4-340
                10.12965/jer.1632624.312
                5031374
                a95c30ba-d6fa-47ca-a345-0100e6a8e3d3
                Copyright © 2016 Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 09 May 2016
                : 04 July 2016
                Categories
                Original Article

                cognitive enhancement gymnastics program,elderly people,dementia,rock-paper-scissors,development and effect

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