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      Singing through winter nights: Seasonal and diel occurrence of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae ) calls in and around the Gully MPA, offshore eastern Canada

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          Global Bathymetry and Elevation Data at 30 Arc Seconds Resolution: SRTM30_PLUS

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            Songs of humpback whales.

            1) Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) produce a series of beautiful and varied sounds for a period of 7 to 30 minutes and then repeat the same series with considerable precision. We call such a performance "singing" and each repeated series of sounds a "song." 2) All prolonged sound patterns (recorded so far) of this species are in song form, and each individual adheres to its own song type. 3) There seem to be several song types around which whales construct their songs, but individual variations are pronounced (there is only a very rough species-specific song pattern). 4) Songs are repeated without any obvious pause between them; thus song sessions may continue for several hours. 5) The sequence of themes in successive songs by the same individual is the same. Although the number of phrases per theme varies, no theme is ever completely omitted in our sample. 6) Loud sounds in the ocean, for example dynamite blasts, do not seem to affect the whale's songs. 7) The sex of the performer of any of the songs we have studied is unknown. 8) The function of the songs is unknown.
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              Whales as marine ecosystem engineers

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Marine Mammal Science
                Mar Mam Sci
                Wiley
                08240469
                January 2018
                January 2018
                October 02 2017
                : 34
                : 1
                : 169-189
                Affiliations
                [1 ]JASCO Applied Sciences Ltd.; 202-32 Troop Avenue Dartmouth Nova Scotia B3B 1Z1 Canada
                [2 ]Fisheries and Oceans Canada; 1 Challenger Drive Dartmouth Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2 Canada
                Article
                10.1111/mms.12447
                a981cb6a-88bc-435d-8b5b-ba35ed1c9970
                © 2017

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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