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      Association of Three H - Hookworm, Hemosuccus Pancreaticus, and Hypertension (Portal) in a Patient with Melena

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          Abstract

          Hookworm infestations, endemic in India, are a common cause of iron deficiency anemia. Hemosuccus pancreaticus, a rare clinical condition, is due to passage of blood into the pancreatic duct possibly through a route between an aneurysm of an artery close to the pancreas and/or pancreatic duct, leading to gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Portal hypertensive upper GI bleed is also known since long. We report a case of a 38-year-old male with a history of alcoholism who was being investigated for GI bleeding who had concomitant hookworm infestation, hemosuccus pancreaticus as well as portal hypertension. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of common occurrence of hemosuccus pancreaticus and portal hypertension with hookworm infection. This case signifies the importance of infectious causes of GI bleeding to be considered even in cases where anatomic malformations or pathophysiological alterations are predominant.

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          Portal hypertensive gastropathy: A systematic review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, natural history and therapy.

          To describe the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, natural history, and therapy of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) based on a systematic literature review.
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            Diagnosis and management of ectopic varices

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              The Epidemiology of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Bihar State, India

              Background Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infect over a billion individuals worldwide. In India, 241 million children are estimated to need deworming to avert the negative consequences STH infections can have on child health and development. In February-April 2011, 17 million children in Bihar State were dewormed during a government-led school-based deworming campaign. Prior to programme implementation, a study was conducted to assess STH prevalence in the school-age population to direct the programme. The study also investigated risk factors for STH infections, including caste, literacy, and defecation and hygiene practices, in order to inform the development of complementary interventions. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among children in 20 schools in Bihar. In addition to providing stool samples for identification of STH infections, children completed a short questionnaire detailing their usual defecation and hand-hygiene practices. Risk factors for STH infections were explored. Results In January-February 2011, 1279 school children aged four to seventeen provided stool samples and 1157 children also completed the questionnaire. Overall, 68% of children (10-86% across schools) were infected with one or more soil-transmitted helminth species. The prevalence of ascariasis, hookworm and trichuriasis was 52%, 42% and 5% respectively. The majority of children (95%) practiced open defecation and reported most frequently cleansing hands with soil (61%). Increasing age, lack of maternal literacy and certain castes were independently associated with hookworm infection. Absence of a hand-washing station at the schools was also independently associated with A. lumbricoides infection. Conclusions STH prevalence in Bihar is high, and justifies mass deworming in school-aged children. Open defecation is common-place and hands are often cleansed using soil. The findings reported here can be used to help direct messaging appropriate to mothers with low levels of literacy and emphasise the importance of water and sanitation in the control of helminths and other diseases.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Glob Infect Dis
                J Glob Infect Dis
                JGID
                Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0974-777X
                0974-8245
                Jul-Sep 2017
                : 9
                : 3
                : 120-122
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Microbiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
                [1 ]Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Bijay Ranjan Mirdha, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India. E-mail: mirdhabijayranjan@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                JGID-9-120
                10.4103/jgid.jgid_177_16
                5572197
                28878525
                a9d36dce-ff08-4c79-9de4-20e0a8889d6f
                Copyright: © 2017 Journal of Global Infectious Diseases

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

                History
                Categories
                Case Report

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                hemosuccus pancreaticus,hookworm,portal hypertension
                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                hemosuccus pancreaticus, hookworm, portal hypertension

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