Perovskite solar cells: an emerging photovoltaic technology

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Porphyrin-sensitized solar cells with cobalt (II/III)-based redox electrolyte exceed 12 percent efficiency.

Aswani Yella, Hsuan-Wei Lee, Hoi Nok Tsao … (2011)

The iodide/triiodide redox shuttle has limited the efficiencies accessible in dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, we report mesoscopic solar cells that incorporate a Co((II/III))tris(bipyridyl)-based redox electrolyte in conjunction with a custom synthesized donor-π-bridge-acceptor zinc porphyrin dye as sensitizer (designated YD2-o-C8). The specific molecular design of YD2-o-C8 greatly retards the rate of interfacial back electron transfer from the conduction band of the nanocrystalline titanium dioxide film to the oxidized cobalt mediator, which enables attainment of strikingly high photovoltages approaching 1 volt. Because the YD2-o-C8 porphyrin harvests sunlight across the visible spectrum, large photocurrents are generated. Cosensitization of YD2-o-C8 with another organic dye further enhances the performance of the device, leading to a measured power conversion efficiency of 12.3% under simulated air mass 1.5 global sunlight.

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An inorganic hole conductor for organo-lead halide perovskite solar cells. Improved hole conductivity with copper iodide.

Jeffrey A Christians, Raymond Fung, Prashant Kamat (2014)

Organo-lead halide perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of solar cells. To date, these perovskite thin film solar cells have exclusively employed organic hole conducting polymers which are often expensive and have low hole mobility. In a quest to explore new inorganic hole conducting materials for these perovskite-based thin film photovoltaics, we have identified copper iodide as a possible alternative. Using copper iodide, we have succeeded in achieving a promising power conversion efficiency of 6.0% with excellent photocurrent stability. The open-circuit voltage, compared to the best spiro-OMeTAD devices, remains low and is attributed to higher recombination in CuI devices as determined by impedance spectroscopy. However, impedance spectroscopy revealed that CuI exhibits 2 orders of magnitude higher electrical conductivity than spiro-OMeTAD which allows for significantly higher fill factors. Reducing the recombination in these devices could render CuI as a cost-effective competitor to spiro-OMeTAD in perovskite solar cells.

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Organometal halide perovskite solar cell materials rationalized: ultrafast charge generation, high and microsecond-long balanced mobilities, and slow recombination.

Carlito S Ponseca, Tom J. Savenije, Mohamed A. Abdellah … (2014)

Organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells have recently been reported to be highly efficient, giving an overall power conversion efficiency of up to 15%. However, much of the fundamental photophysical properties underlying this performance has remained unknown. Here, we apply photoluminescence, transient absorption, time-resolved terahertz and microwave conductivity measurements to determine the time scales of generation and recombination of charge carriers as well as their transport properties in solution-processed CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite materials. We found that electron-hole pairs are generated almost instantaneously after photoexcitation and dissociate in 2 ps forming highly mobile charges (25 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)) in the neat perovskite and in perovskite/alumina blends; almost balanced electron and hole mobilities remain very high up to the microsecond time scale. When the perovskite is introduced into a TiO2 mesoporous structure, electron injection from perovskite to the metal oxide is efficient in less than a picosecond, but the lower intrinsic electron mobility of TiO2 leads to unbalanced charge transport. Microwave conductivity measurements showed that the decay of mobile charges is very slow in CH3NH3PbI3, lasting up to tens of microseconds. These results unravel the remarkable intrinsic properties of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite material if used as light absorber and charge transport layer. Moreover, finding a metal oxide with higher electron mobility may further increase the performance of this class of solar cells.

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Journal

Title: Materials Today

Abbreviated Title: Materials Today

Publisher: Elsevier BV

ISSN (Print): 13697021

Publication date Created: March 2015

Publication date (Print): March 2015

Volume: 18

Issue: 2

Pages: 65-72

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DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2014.07.007

SO-VID: aa35e573-edcd-431f-8d32-392664773871

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Perovskite solar cells: an emerging photovoltaic technology

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Silicon thin film solar cells

Most cited references 13

Porphyrin-sensitized solar cells with cobalt (II/III)-based redox electrolyte exceed 12 percent efficiency.

An inorganic hole conductor for organo-lead halide perovskite solar cells. Improved hole conductivity with copper iodide.

Organometal halide perovskite solar cell materials rationalized: ultrafast charge generation, high and microsecond-long balanced mobilities, and slow recombination.

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