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      Synthesis and biological evaluations of 3-substituted indolin-2-ones: a novel class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors that exhibit selectivity toward particular receptor tyrosine kinases.

      Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
      Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Inhibitors, chemical synthesis, chemistry, pharmacology, Humans, Indoles, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Phosphorylation, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, antagonists & inhibitors, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor, Receptor, ErbB-2, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Receptors, Growth Factor, Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Stereoisomerism, Structure-Activity Relationship

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          Abstract

          3-Substituted indolin-2-ones have been designed and synthesized as a novel class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors which exhibit selectivity toward different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). These compounds have been evaluated for their relative inhibitory properties against a panel of RTKs in intact cells. By modifying the 3-substituted indolin-2-ones, we have identified compounds which showed selective inhibition of the ligand-dependent autophosphorylation of various RTKs at submicromolar levels in cells. Structure-activity analysis for these compounds and their relative potency and selectivity to inhibit particular RTKs has determined that (1) 3-[(five-membered heteroaryl ring)methylidenyl]indolin-2-ones are highly specific against the VEGF (Flk-1) RTK activity, (2) 3-(substituted benzylidenyl)indolin-2-ones containing bulky group(s) in the phenyl ring at the C-3 position of indolin-2-ones showed high selectivity toward the EGF and Her-2 RTKs, and (3) the compound containing an extended side chain at the C-3 position of the indolin-2-one (16) exhibited high potency and selectivity when tested against the PDGF and VEGF (Flk-1) RTKs. Recent published crystallographic data for two of these 3-substituted indolin-2-ones provides a rationale to suggest that these compounds may bind in the ATP binding pocket of RTKs. The structure-activity analysis supports the use of subsets of these compounds as specific chemical leads for the development of RTK-specific drugs with broad application for the treatment of human diseases.

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