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      Piezoelectric and Magnetoelectric Thick Films for Fabricating Power Sources in Wireless Sensor Nodes

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          Abstract

          In this manuscript, we review the progress made in the synthesis of thick film-based piezoelectric and magnetoelectric structures for harvesting energy from mechanical vibrations and magnetic field. Piezoelectric compositions in the system Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3–Pb(Zn 1/3Nb 2/3)O 3 (PZNT) have shown promise for providing enhanced efficiency due to higher energy density and thus form the base of transducers designed for capturing the mechanical energy. Laminate structures of PZNT with magnetostrictive ferrite materials provide large magnitudes of magnetoelectric coupling and are being targeted to capture the stray magnetic field energy. We analyze the models used to predict the performance of the energy harvesters and present a full system description.

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          Ferroelectric memories.

          J. Scott, C. Paz de Araujo (1989)
          In the past year it has become possible to fabricate ferroelectric thin-film memories onto standard silicon integrated circuits that combine very high speed (30-nanosecond read/erase/rewrite operation), 5-volt standard silicon logic levels, very high density (2 by 2 micrometer cell size), complete nonvolatility (no standby power required), and extreme radiation hardness. These ferroelectric random-access memories are expected to replace magnetic core memory, magnetic bubble memory systems, and electrically erasable read-only memory for many applications. The switching kinetics of these films, 100 to 300 nanometers thick, are now well understood, with switching times that fit an activation field dependence that scales applied field and temperature. Earlier problems of fatigue and retention failure are also now understood and have been improved to acceptable levels.
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            Multiferroic BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 Nanostructures.

            H Zheng, J. Wang, S E Lofland … (2004)
            We report on the coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic order parameters in a nanostructured BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 ferroelectromagnet. This facilitates the interconversion of energies stored in electric and magnetic fields and plays an important role in many devices, including transducers, field sensors, etc. Such nanostructures were deposited on single-crystal SrTiO3 (001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition from a single Ba-Ti-Co-Fe-oxide target. The films are epitaxial in-plane as well as out-of-plane with self-assembled hexagonal arrays of CoFe2O4 nanopillars embedded in a BaTiO3 matrix. The CoFe2O4 nanopillars have uniform size and average spacing of 20 to 30 nanometers. Temperature-dependent magnetic measurements illustrate the coupling between the two order parameters, which is manifested as a change in magnetization at the ferroelectric Curie temperature. Thermodynamic analyses show that the magnetoelectric coupling in such a nanostructure can be understood on the basis of the strong elastic interactions between the two phases.
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              Fatigue-free ferroelectric capacitors with platinum electrodes

              C. A-Paz de Araujo, J. D. Cuchiaro, L. McMillan … (1995)
              Article 0 comments Cited 309 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sensors (Basel)
                Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
                ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220
                Publication date Collection: 2009
                Publication date (Electronic): 17 August 2009
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 8
                Pages: 6362-6384
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Center for Energy Harvesting Materials and Systems (CEHMS), Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; E-Mails: pcs94@ 123456vt.edu (C.-S.P.); joolive1@ 123456vt.edu (J.O.)
                [2 ] Functional Ceramics Research Group, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-831, Korea; E-Mails: jhryu@ 123456kims.re.kr (J.R.); pds1590@ 123456kims.re.kr (D.-S.P.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; 310 Durham Hall, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg, VA 24061; E-Mail: spriya@ 123456vt.edu ; Tel.: +1-540-231-0745; Fax: +1-540-231-8919
                Article
                Publisher ID: sensors-09-06362
                DOI: 10.3390/s90806362
                PMC ID: 3312449
                PubMed ID: 22454590
                SO-VID: aabb4144-0eb1-4772-80cf-b2c209e8a1c4
                Copyright © © 2009 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
                License:

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 23 July 2009
                Date revision received : 10 August 2009
                Date accepted : 11 August 2009
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: energy harvesting,thick films,mems,magnetoelectric,piezoelectric
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: energy harvesting, thick films, mems, magnetoelectric, piezoelectric

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