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Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are currently being tested as anticancer agents
in clinical trials. Chromatin remodeling, such as through histone acetylation, is
a fundamental phenomenon in eukaryotic cell biology, bearing implications to numerous
physiological and pathological phenomena. Here, we discuss recent data from our own
laboratory and those of others demonstrating antifibrotic and renoprotective effect
of HDAC inhibitors in diabetic kidneys, and the possible mechanisms including the
role of reactive oxygen species. HDAC inhibitors may prove to be a novel class of
multitarget agents in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.