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      Violência física doméstica e gestação: resultados de um inquérito no puerpério Translated title: Domestic physical violence and pregnancy: results of a survey in the postpartum period

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVOS: determinar a prevalência de violência física doméstica sofrida por mulheres que tiveram o parto assistido em uma maternidade terciária do Nordeste do Brasil, estudar os principais fatores de risco associados e determinar os resultados perinatais. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo descritivo, tipo corte transversal, incluindo 420 mulheres que tiveram o parto assistido em maternidade terciária no Recife (Brasil), com fetos pesando mais que 500 gramas. Todas estas foram submetidas a entrevistas com questões abertas e fechadas. Determinou-se a prevalência de violência física doméstica. Realizou-se análise estatística usando os testes c² de associação e exato de Fisher, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5%. A razão de prevalência foi determinada como medida do risco relativo de violência. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística para cálculo do risco ajustado de violência física. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de violência física doméstica foi de 13,1% (IC 95% = 10,1-16,6) e 7,4% (IC 95% = 5,2-10,2) antes e durante a gestação, respectivamente. O padrão de violência alterou-se durante a gravidez, tendo cessado em 43,6%, diminuído em 27,3% e aumentado em 11% dos casos. Depois da análise multivariada, as variáveis que persistiram fortemente associadas com violência foram baixa escolaridade e história familiar de violência da mulher, consumo de álcool e desemprego do parceiro. Entre os resultados perinatais, encontrou-se elevada freqüência de morte neonatal entre as vítimas de violência. CONCLUSÕES: encontrou-se elevada prevalência de violência física doméstica (cerca de 13%) entre as mulheres que tiveram o parto assistido em maternidade terciária do Nordeste do Brasil. Os principais fatores de risco associados foram baixa escolaridade e história de violência na família da mulher, consumo de álcool e desemprego dos parceiros. A mortalidade neonatal foi elevada entre as vítimas de violência.

          Translated abstract

          PURPOSE: to determine the prevalence of domestic physical violence among women who delivered at a tertiary center in the Northeast of Brazil, to study the main risk factors associated with domestic violence, and to determine perinatal outcome. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 420 women who delivered at a tertiary center in Recife (Brazil) with fetuses weighing more than 500 g. They were submitted to interviews with open and closed questions. The prevalence of domestic physical violence was determined. Statistical analysis was performed using c² and Fisher's exact tests at a 5% level of significance. The prevalence ratio was determined as measurement of relative risk of violence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed and the adjusted risk was calculated. RESULTS: the prevalence of domestic physical violence was 13.1% (95% CI = 10.1-16.6) and 7.4% (95% CI = 5.2-10.2) before and during pregnancy, respectively. The pattern of violence has changed during pregnancy: stopped in 43.6%, was reduced in 27.3% and increased in 11% of the victims. After multivariate analysis the variables that persisted strongly associated with violence were low female educational level, history of violence in the women´s family, partner's use of alcohol and unemployment. Perinatal outcome was studied and a significantly higher frequency of neonatal death was observed among victims of domestic violence. CONCLUSIONS: a high prevalence of domestic physical violence was observed (about 13%) in women who delivered at a tertiary center in Northeast of Brazil. The main risk factors were low educational level and previous familiar history of violence in the women's family, alcohol use by and unemployment of their partners. Neonatal mortality was increased in victims of violence.

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          Associations between wife-beating and fetal and infant death: impressions from a survey in rural India.

          This report examines the linkages between wife-beating and one health-related consequence for women, their experience of fetal and infant mortality. Community-based data are used drawn from women surveyed in two culturally distinct sites of rural India: Uttar Pradesh in the north, in which gender relations are highly stratified, and Tamil Nadu in the south, in which they are more egalitarian. Results suggest that wife-beating is deeply entrenched, that attitudes uniformly justify wife-beating, and that few women can escape an abusive marriage. They also suggest that the health consequences of domestic violence--in terms of pregnancy loss and infant mortality--are considerable and that Indian women's experience of infant and fetal mortality is powerfully conditioned by the strength of the patriarchal social system. Results are tentative because of data limitations, but they are consistent and strong enough to warrant concern. They argue for the integration of services to identify, refer, and prevent domestic violence in the primary or reproductive health programs of the country and for the safe motherhood programs to be particularly vigilant, sensitive, and responsive to the conditions of battered women during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
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            Violencia familiar. Una mirada interdisciplinaria sobre un grave problema social

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbgo
                Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
                Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.
                Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Rio de Janeiro )
                1806-9339
                June 2003
                : 25
                : 5
                : 309-316
                Article
                S0100-72032003000500002
                10.1590/S0100-72032003000500002
                ab235d2d-61be-4972-b8fb-438e63546d43

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-7203&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Violence against women,Domestic violence,Pregnancy,Violence and pregnancy,Violência contra a mulher,Violência doméstica,Gravidez,Violência e gravidez

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