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      The editor’s dilemma: assessing papers from low-income countries

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      , FMedSci
      International Psychiatry
      The Royal College of Psychiatrists

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          Abstract

          Most scientists are now aware of what has been called the 10:90 divide (Saxena et al, 2006): the fact that 90% of the published scientific activity in the world comes from the richest 10% of countries. Many would like to brush off this simple fact as unimportant, but at another level it could be regarded as a scandalous disequilibrium of the planet’s resources. One small way of reversing this is for editors to publish more papers from low-income countries and counter what can be described somewhat strongly as editorial racism (Horton, 2003). We have tried to do so in the British Journal of Psychiatry (Tyrer, 2005); this paper describes some of the difficulties.

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          Medical journals: evidence of bias against the diseases of poverty.

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            The 10/90 divide in mental health research: trends over a 10-year period.

            A search (precision value 94%, recall value 93%) of the ISI Web of Science database (1992-2001) revealed that mental health publications accounted for 3-4% of the health literature. A 10/90 divide in internationally accessible mental health literature was evident and remained undiminished through 10 years as low- and middle-income countries (n=152) contributed only 6%, high-income countries (n=54) 94%, and 14 leading high-income countries (with more than 1% contribution for majority of years under consideration) contributed 90% of internationally accessible mental health research. Steps should be taken to improve the research infrastructure and capacity to conduct and disseminate mental health research in general, and on a priority basis in low- and middle-income countries.
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              Contribution of low- and middle-income countries to research published in leading general psychiatry journals, 2002-2004.

              We aimed to describe the contribution of low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries to leading general psychiatric journals. We reviewed original research published over a 3-year period (2002-2004) in the six highest-impact general psychiatry journals and contacted editorial offices to gather data on country of origin of submitted and accepted articles. Only 3.7% of published research emerges from these less affluent countries, which account for over 80% of the global population. Compared with the findings of a similar review of the period 1996-1998, there has been little change. The three European journals had a higher representation than the three American journals. The proportion of psychiatrists in a country was associated with that country's research output. As much as 50% of the research from LAMI countries is led by authors from high-income countries. The proportion of submissions from LAMI countries was very low, and articles from them were more frequently rejected. Strengthening the research capacity of these countries and reviewing the editorial policies of leading journals can help increase the international representation of LAMI countries in psychiatric research.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int Psychiatry
                Int Psychiatry
                IP
                International Psychiatry
                The Royal College of Psychiatrists
                1749-3676
                1749-3684
                01 October 2008
                October 2008
                : 5
                : 4
                : 79-80
                Affiliations
                [1]Editor, British Journal of Psychiatry; Department of Psychological Medicine, Imperial College (Charing Cross Campus), London W6 8RP, UK
                Article
                IP-5-79
                6734845
                ab567ba3-d558-4443-91ac-f0c47502d49e
                © 2008 The Royal College of Psychiatrists

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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