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      Nitrendipine vs. Captopril in Essential Hypertension: Effects on Circadian Blood Pressure and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

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          Abstract

          Both nitrendipine and captopril have been shown to reverse left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. So far, no study allowed a true comparison of these drugs in this regard and with respect to their potential of reducing circadian blood pressure. Therefore, a total of 86 patients with newly diagnosed arterial hypertension and echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy underwent randomized treatment with captopril (n = 43) or nitrendipine (n = 43). Eighteen patients had to be put on a combination therapy of nitrendipine and captopril during the course of the study to control blood pressure effectively. Before and after the 6th and 38th weeks of treatment all patients underwent ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, M-mode echo assessment of left ventricular mass and Doppler evaluation of left ventricular filling. The 24-hour blood pressure data were smoothed with a Fourier series and then compared with a normotensive reference profile with respect to blood pressure load and variability. The daytime and nighttime mean and the office blood pressure were also analyzed. Substance-specific profiles of action were obtained by subtracting the smoothed profiles after therapy from the profiles before therapy. After 38 weeks ambulatory blood pressure had decreased from 152 ± 11/ 101 ± 7 to 137 ± 13/87 ± 10 mm Hg on nitrendipine and from 147 ± 11 / 99 ± 6 to 134 ± 13 / 89 ± 9 mm Hg on captopril. The substance-specific profiles calculated for captopril and nitrendipine showed a balanced antihypertensive effect throughout the day and the night. The mean percentage decrease in left ventricular muscle mass under nitrendipine was 15 % and did not differ significantly from the decrease of 21% under treatment with captopril (p < 0.001). There is no significant association between the reduction in blood pressure and the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. In patients with disturbances of left ventricular diastolic function the early-to-late diastolic left ventricular flow ratio and the isovolumetric relaxation time were improved independent of the drug used. It is concluded that a long-term therapy with captopril and nitrendipine leads to a comparable degree of circadian blood pressure reduction and regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          CRD
          Cardiology
          10.1159/issn.0008-6312
          Cardiology
          S. Karger AG
          0008-6312
          1421-9751
          1994
          1994
          18 November 2008
          : 85
          : 2
          : 101-110
          Affiliations
          aSecond Medical Unit, University Hospital, Erlangen, bPharma Research Centre, Wuppertal-Elberfeld, Germany
          Article
          176657 Cardiology 1994;85:101–110
          10.1159/000176657
          7954561
          abc2ec99-1c6c-46d9-8b1c-f5a11b54225c
          © 1994 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          : 07 February 1994
          : 18 February 1994
          Page count
          Pages: 10
          Categories
          Clinical Pharmacology

          General medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Internal medicine,Nephrology
          Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy,Captopril,Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring,Fourier analysis,Nitrendipine

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