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      Research on Assisting Clinicians to Operate rTMS Precisely Based on the Coil Magnetic Field Spatial Distribution With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Navigation

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          Abstract

          Objective: To assist clinicians to operate repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) precisely based on the coil magnetic field spatial distribution with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Navigation.

          Methods: A fast method for calculating electromagnetic fields in layered brain structures in frequency domain was proposed. By approaching Bessel function in different intervals, the integral with a highly oscillatory kernel was transformed into two parts: a definite integral and a weakened oscillatory one. The distribution of induced current density and magnetic field intensity of rTMS stimulation effect on brain was quantitatively calculated, so that clinicians could intuitively grasp the safe range of coil stimulation on the brain. Then, the crucial factor of the stimulation effect of rTMS was determined, and an accurate coil positioning of the rTMS efficiently was completed.

          Result: The maximal attenuation of induced electric field and magnetic induction intensity was 72.20 and 86.867% at 3 cm away from the skin in the brain layered model. The clinical examination results of electric field intensity distribution, magnetic field intensity distribution, current density distribution, layered brain modeling, and coil location speed in the brain model teaching group were significantly higher than those in the traditional teaching group ( P < 0.001).

          Conclusion: It is suitable for clinicians to quickly complete the precise positioning of rTMS, master the adjustment of coil stimulation therapeutic parameters, and realize the precise positioning operation of rTMS with MRI navigation in intracranial.

          Clinical Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800018616); Registered on 30th September 2018

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          Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Application of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Depression.

          Shawn McClintock, Irving Reti, Linda L. Carpenter … (2018)
          To provide expert recommendations for the safe and effective application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD).
          Article 0 comments Cited 159 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Is There a Future for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation as a Therapeutic Tool?

            Carmen Terranova, Vincenzo Rizzo, Alberto Cacciola … (2019)
            Several techniques and protocols of non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic and electrical stimuli, have been developed in the past decades. These techniques can induce long lasting changes in cortical excitability by promoting synaptic plasticity and thus may represent a therapeutic option in neuropsychiatric disorders. On the other hand, despite these techniques have become popular, the fragility and variability of the after effects are the major challenges that non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation currentlyfaces. Several factors may account for such a variability such as biological variations, measurement reproducibility, and the neuronal state of the stimulated area. One possible strategy, to reduce this variability is to monitor the neuronal state in real time using EEG and trigger TMS pulses only at pre-defined state. In addition, another strategy under study is to use the spaced application of multiple NIBS protocols within a session to improve the reliability and extend the duration of NIBS effects. Further studies, although time consuming, are required for improving the so far limited effect sizes of NIBS protocols for treatment of neurological or psychiatric disorders.
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              Effects of Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Swallowing Function and Quality of Life of Post-stroke Patients.

              Nezehat Ünlüer, Çağrı Mesut Temuçin, Numan Demir … (2019)
              Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is one of the non-invasive techniques, which is used to modulate cortical regions in patients with stroke. The aim of this single blind, controlled study was to investigate the effect of rTMS on swallowing function and quality of life of mono-hemispheric post-stroke patients with dysphagia. Twenty-eight patients were randomized and split between study and control group. Each group received conventional dysphagia rehabilitation 3 days a week for 4 weeks, and study group also received 1 Hz rTMS to unaffected hemisphere in the final week. The descriptive information was noted. The clinical and radiological swallowing evaluation and quality of life assessment have been performed at four different times including before and after the treatment, 1 month and 3 months after the treatment. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between groups in terms of demographic and clinical features (p > 0.05). Swallowing function and quality of life of the patients were statistically improved in both groups towards the third month (p < 0.05). Swallowing function was comparable between two groups. However, a significant improvement was observed on appetite, fear of eating, and mental health parameters of quality of life assessment in the study group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, despite positive changes in some aspects of quality of life, rTMS did not enhance the swallowing function when compared conventional dysphagia rehabilitation. Therefore, the application of 1 Hz rTMS should be reconsidered to improve swallowing function in the chronic period.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Neurosci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Neurosci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Neurosci.
                Title: Frontiers in Neuroscience
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Print): 1662-4548
                ISSN (Electronic): 1662-453X
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 August 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 858
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Medical Instruments, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [2] 2Department of Radiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [3] 3Department of Stomatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [4] 4Department of Rehabilitation, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [5] 5Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Office, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics , Beijing, China
                [6] 6Department of Medical Information, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [7] 7Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Dong Song, University of Southern California, United States

                Reviewed by: Priyam Rastogi, Iowa State University, United States; Lingling Yang, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

                *Correspondence: Yi Wang wangyi1@ 123456301hospital.com.cn

                This article was submitted to Brain Imaging Methods, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00858
                PMC ID: 6709653
                SO-VID: ac4c6f43-3c45-4d00-9047-4c4b3834b0fb
                Copyright © Copyright © 2019 Li, Wang, Li, Lv, Zhang, Zou and Ma.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 04 April 2019
                Date accepted : 30 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 9, Tables: 5, Equations: 14, References: 14, Pages: 11, Words: 6356
                Categories
                Subject: Neuroscience
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences
                Keywords: rtms (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation),induced electric field,brain modeling,clinical teaching methodology,magnetic resonance imaging navigation
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences
                Keywords: rtms (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation), induced electric field, brain modeling, clinical teaching methodology, magnetic resonance imaging navigation

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