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      Renal osteodystrophy and clinical outcomes: data from the Brazilian Registry of Bone Biopsies - REBRABO Translated title: Osteodistrofia renal e desfechos clínicos: dados do Registro Brasileiro de Biópsias Ósseas - REBRABO

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          ABSTRACT

          Introduction:

          Mineral and bone disorders (MBD) are major complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related adverse outcomes. The Brazilian Registry of Bone Biopsy (REBRABO) is an electronic database that includes renal osteodystrophy (RO) data. We aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of RO in a sample of CKD-MBD Brazilian patients and understand its relationship with outcomes.

          Methods:

          Between August 2015 and March 2018, 260 CKD-MBD stage 3-5D patients who underwent bone biopsy were followed for 12 to 30 months. Clinical-demographic, laboratory, and histological data were analyzed. Bone fractures, hospitalizations, and death were considered the primary outcomes.

          Results:

          Osteitis fibrosa, mixed uremic osteodystrophy, adynamic bone disease, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and aluminum (Al) accumulation were detected in 85, 43, 27, 10, 77, and 65 patients, respectively. The logistic regression showed that dialysis vintage was an independent predictor of osteoporosis (OR: 1.005; CI: 1.001-1.010; p = 0.01). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that hemodialysis treatment (OR: 11.24; CI: 1.227-100; p = 0.03), previous parathyroidectomy (OR: 4.97; CI: 1.422-17.241; p = 0.01), and female gender (OR: 2.88; CI: 1.080-7.679; p = 0.03) were independent predictors of Al accumulation; 115 patients were followed for 21 ± 5 months. There were 56 hospitalizations, 14 deaths, and 7 fractures during follow-up. The COX regression revealed that none of the variable related to the RO/turnover, mineralization and volume (TMV) classification was an independent predictor of the outcomes.

          Conclusion:

          Hospitalization or death was not influenced by the type of RO, Al accumulation, or TMV classification. An elevated prevalence of osteoporosis and Al accumulation was detected.

          RESUMO

          Introdução:

          Os distúrbios minerais e ósseos (DMO) são importantes complicações da doença renal crônica (DRC) associadas à desfechos adversos. O Registro Brasileiro de Biópsia Óssea (REBRABO) é um banco de dados eletrônico que inclui dados sobre osteodistrofia renal (OR). Nosso objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico da OR em uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros com DMO-DRC e entender sua associação com os desfechos.

          Métodos:

          Entre agosto de 2015 e março de 2018, 260 pacientes com DMO-DRC estágio 3-5D submetidos à biópsia óssea foram acompanhados por 12 a 30 meses. Dados clínico-demográficos, laboratoriais e histológicos foram analisados. Fraturas ósseas, hospitalizações e óbito foram considerados como desfechos primários.

          Resultados:

          Osteíte fibrosa, osteodistrofia urêmica mista, doença óssea adinâmica, osteomalácia, osteoporose e acúmulo de alumínio (Al) foram detectados em 85, 43, 27, 10, 77 e 65 pacientes, respectivamente. A regressão logística mostrou que o tempo em diálise foi um preditor independente de osteoporose (OR: 1.005; IC: 1.001-1.010; p = 0,01). A regressão logística multivariada revelou que o tratamento hemodialítico (OR: 11,24; IC: 1,227-100; p = 0,03), paratireoidectomia prévia (OR: 4,97; IC: 1,422-17,241; p = 0,01) e sexo feminino (OR: 2,88; IC: 1,080-7,679; p = 0,03) foram preditores independentes de acúmulo de Al; 115 pacientes foram acompanhados por 21 ± 5 meses. Houve 56 internações, 14 óbitos e 7 fraturas durante o seguimento. A regressão COX revelou que nenhuma das variáveis relacionadas ao tipo de OR/remodelação-mineralização-volume (classificação TMV) foi um preditor independente de desfechos.

          Conclusão:

          A hospitalização ou óbito não foram influenciadas pelo tipo de OR, acúmulo de Al ou classificação de TMV. Foi detectada uma prevalência elevada de osteoporose e acúmulo de Al.

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          Most cited references42

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          Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease.

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            Early recognition and prevention of chronic kidney disease.

            Chronic kidney disease is a common disorder and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Early diagnosis on the basis of presence of proteinuria or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate could permit early intervention to reduce the risks of cardiovascular events, kidney failure, and death that are associated with chronic kidney disease. In developed countries, screening for the disorder is most efficient when targeted at high-risk groups including elderly people and those with concomitant illness (such as diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease) or a family history of chronic kidney disease, although the role of screening in developing countries is not yet clear. Effective strategies are available to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease and reduce cardiovascular risk. Treatment of high blood pressure is recommended for all individuals with, or at risk of, chronic kidney disease. Use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers is preferred for patients with diabetic chronic kidney disease or those with the proteinuric non-diabetic disorder. Glycaemic control can help prevent the onset of early stages of chronic kidney disease in individuals with diabetes. Use of statins and aspirin is beneficial for most patients with chronic kidney disease who are at high cardiovascular risk, although research is needed to ascertain how to best prevent cardiovascular disease in this cohort. Models of care that facilitate delivery of the many complex aspects of treatment simultaneously could enhance management, although effects on clinical outcomes need further assessment. Novel clinical methods to better identify patients at risk of progression to later stages of chronic kidney disease, including kidney failure, are needed to target management to high-risk subgroups. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Increased incidence of hip fractures in dialysis patients with low serum parathyroid hormone.

              To study the complications of renal osteodystrophy in patients with end-stage renal disease, we reviewed the incidence of hip fractures in our outpatient dialysis population from 1988 to 1998. One thousand two hundred seventy-two patients were treated for a total of 4,039 patient-years; 56 hip fractures were documented during this period. The incidence of hip fractures was many times greater in the dialysis patients than in the general population in each of the age-, race-, and sex-matched subgroups. The 1-year mortality rate from the hip fracture event was nearly two and a half times greater in the dialysis patients compared with the general population. The incidence of hip fractures in the first half of the decade was similar to that observed in the second half. When parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were evaluated, we determined that patients with lower serum PTH levels were more likely to sustain a hip fracture than patients with higher PTH levels (P: < 0.006). In addition, we determined that patients with lower PTH levels had an earlier mortality than patients with higher PTH levels (P: < 0.03). We conclude that despite more aggressive therapy directed toward bone health in our dialysis patients in recent years, the incidence of hip fractures and their devastating morbidity and mortality remained unchanged over the past decade. Lower PTH levels may predispose to earlier mortality.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Bras Nefrol
                J Bras Nefrol
                jbn
                Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia
                Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia
                0101-2800
                2175-8239
                20 January 2020
                Apr-Jun 2020
                : 42
                : 2
                : 138-146
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Laboratório para o Estudo do Distúrbio Mineral e Ósseo em Nefrologia, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
                [2 ]Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
                [3 ]Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Renal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
                [4 ]Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia, Departamento de Distúrbios do Metabolismo Ósseo Mineral na Doença Renal Crônica, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
                [5 ]Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Rodrigo Bueno de Oliveira. E-mail: rodrigobueno.hc@ 123456gmail.com

                AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

                This study was conceived by R.B.O. and C.E.M.C. The data were generated by C.E.M.C, L.M.R., K.R.S.Q., R.Y.S., and N.A.V.R. The data were analyzed by C.E.M.C. and R.B.O. V.J. analyzed all bone samples. Significant intellectual content was given by C.E.M.C, R.B.O., A.B.C. and V.J. All authors contributed to the interpretation of the data and drafting and revision of the manuscript. All authors have approved the final version of the article uploaded to the journal website.

                CONFLICT OF INTEREST

                The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The results presented in this paper have not been previously published in whole or part, except an an abstract format.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2786-9200
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8476-6780
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-4674
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-0368
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-7826
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5907-7764
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-8879
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-6200
                Article
                10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2019-0045
                7427645
                32756862
                ac680062-6fe1-4eea-b50a-39d377bb1459

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 03 April 2019
                : 15 July 2019
                Categories
                Original Article

                renal insufficiency, chronic,chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,aluminum accumulation,osteoporosis,treatment outcome,insuficiência renal crônica,distúrbio mineral e ósseo na doença renal crônica,osteoporose,resultado do tratamento

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