Pilot Tobacco Treatment Intervention for Women in Residential Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Abstract

<div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S1"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e123">Objective</h5> <p id="P1">To test the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of Get Fit and Quit (GFAQ), a community engaged, holistic, tobacco treatment program for women of childbearing age in a residential, substance use disorder (SUD), treatment facility. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S2"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e128">Design</h5> <p id="P2">A quasi-experimental, one group, longitudinal design.</p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S3"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e133">Setting</h5> <p id="P3">A local Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) location.</p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S4"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e138">Participants</h5> <p id="P4">Twenty-three women of childbearing age were enrolled in the study. Nearly all (21 of 23) participants were White, and most were non-partnered and unemployed. More than one-third of participants had more than high school educations, and five (22%) were pregnant at enrollment. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S5"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e143">Methods</h5> <p id="P5">The program was conducted in 10 sessions over six months. For each 90-minute session, approximately 45 minutes were dedicated to smoking cessation and 45 minutes were dedicated to group physical activity. Means and 95% confidence intervals were used to summarize nicotine dependence, expired carbon monoxide, urine cotinine, and exercise self-efficacy at baseline, 5-week, 8-week, and 6-month assessments. Cigarettes smoked per day were summarized using medians and interquartile ranges over time. Program satisfaction and regular exercise were presented as percentages with 95% confidence intervals. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S6"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e148">Results</h5> <p id="P6">Of the 23 women who enrolled in GFAQ, seven (30%) completed the program. Compared to baseline, participants who completed GFAQ had lower nicotine dependence and smoked fewer cigarettes per day. Additionally, at five weeks, more GFAQ participants exercised regularly (64%) compared to baseline (14%). Most participants viewed the program favorably. </p> </div><div class="section"> <a class="named-anchor" id="S7"> <!-- named anchor --> </a> <h5 class="section-title" id="d827520e153">Conclusions</h5> <p id="P7">Smoking among women of childbearing age with SUDs is an important public health issue. GFAQ is a promising intervention for tobacco treatment for this high-risk population, although the number of initial participants who completed the program was low. </p> </div><p id="P8">Get Fit and Quit is a promising tailored tobacco treatment intervention for women of childbearing age with substance use disorder. </p>