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      A New Approach to Learning How to Teach: medical students as instructional designers

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          Abstract

          As students at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, the student authors were given the opportunity to develop their own creative projects which would be used to teach future medical students. They chose their own topics, planned and researched their projects, and then implemented the projects in interactive digital Adobe Flash files. In the first project they created interactive case-based radiology teaching files. In the second project they integrated photographic images into the existing illustrative anatomy files. Students in subsequent years have learned from these files on computers both at home and in the school's anatomy lab. The experience of creating the files served as an opportunity for hands-on learning for the student authors, both of the material and of the practice of teaching. In this paper they describe why they undertook these projects, what exactly they did, and the impact their creation had on them. The projects demonstrate that student-driven educational materials are both possible and beneficial. Furthermore, their experience has allowed them to conclude that faculty at other medical schools should consider providing students with opportunities to develop their own creative projects that contribute to the curriculum.

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          Most cited references8

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          An explorative learning approach to teaching clinical anatomy using student generated content.

          Translating basic sciences into a clinical framework has been approached through the implementation of various teaching techniques aimed at using a patient case scenario to facilitate learning. These techniques present students with a specific patient case and lead the students to discuss physiological processes through analysis of provided data supported by independent learning and research. However, no literature exists that describes a reverse teaching methodology in which students are given disease diagnosis and then asked to construct a patient case. This article discusses an explorative learning approach introduced in the gross anatomy course in which students were asked to use clinical skills and reasoning to create a patient case. The online knowledge-sharing portal utilizing MediaWiki provided a necessary base for students in completing their task. Teams were given 4 weeks to complete their written online project with weekly feedback provided by 3rd year teaching assistants using the Wiki discussion page. A survey was performed to assess competence regarding a patient write up and oral presentation. Skills that the teams acquired through the completion of this project will benefit future patient interactions. This project also emphasized and reinforced the importance of effective communication, leadership, and teamwork. This study shows that a clinical anatomy project that incorporates explorative learning can be an effective way of introducing students to the skills needed for patient write ups and oral presentations. Furthermore this approach to learning allows students to excel during their clinical years and to correlate anatomy to clinical diagnoses. (c) 2008 American Association of Anatomists.
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            The essential role of the student in curriculum planning.

            C Huppatz (1995)
            Medical school curricula are planned, written and organized by academic and clinical staff within medical schools. While these medical educators may well be experts in their given field, they lack first-hand experience of what it is to be a medical student in 1995. For a medical curriculum to be an effective means of learning for today's students, it must be written with a knowledge of their priorities, needs and abilities. The way in which this can be best achieved is by the inclusion of current students in all stages of designing a new curriculum. In my second year of medicine at Flinders University, I became involved in planning for the new Graduate Entry curriculum. In the role of student advocate, I have found I am able to offer teaching staff a unique perspective, the student perspective, on various issues. Students, through experience from their own education, are able to give advice on student resources and facilities and are in a favourable position to judge other aspects of curricula, such as the balance and relevance of course content and assessment. Students need to realize the valuable insight they have to offer their faculties and the way in which this can benefit future students. It is by actively seeking student involvement and using their input, that faculties will be able to create a consumer-friendly curriculum.
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              Two perspectives on the effects of a curriculum change: student experience and the United States medical licensing examination, step 1.

              Students' perceptions of curricular experience and study effort were compared for a traditional and a new integrative, interdisciplinary curriculum at a single institution. United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) Step 1 scores were examined for subgroup interactions. Medical students from four cohorts completed an educational goals survey and USMLE Step 1. Analysis included subgroup performance based on admissions data. Students rated the new curriculum as more helpful in achieving educational goals. USMLE Step 1 was significantly higher for students in the lowest quartile of MCAT scores in the new compared with the previous curriculum. To understand the outcomes of a large-scale curricular intervention, interactions of curriculum and aptitude should be examined.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Med Educ Online
                MEO
                Medical Education Online
                Medical Education Online
                1087-2981
                14 July 2011
                2011
                : 16
                : 10.3402/meo.v16i0.7252
                Author notes
                [* ] Sean H. Novak, 497 Phoenix Dr Apt 3, Campbell CA 95008, USA. Tel: (805) 455-0141. Email: novaksean@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                MEO-16-7252
                10.3402/meo.v16i0.7252
                3139328
                21776188
                ac839447-7569-40fb-80dc-9907bddc7fb1
                © 2011 Sean H. Novak et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 30 April 2011
                : 20 May 2011
                Categories
                Letter to the Editor

                Education
                anatomy,radiology,teaching,creative project,medical school curriculum
                Education
                anatomy, radiology, teaching, creative project, medical school curriculum

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