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      ACID RESIDUES REMEDIATION FROM MINES USING BIOCHAR, MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE AND LIME MINE RESIDUES REMEDIATION WITH BIOCHAR, LIME AND PHOSPHATES Translated title: REMEDIACIÓN DE RESIDUOS ÁCIDOS DE MINAS CON BIOCARBÓN, FOSFATO MONOPOTÁSICO Y CAL

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The Zimapán mining district in the state of Hidalgo (Mexico) generates residues with high content of Cu, Pb and Zn which have been disposed for decades on sites that could cause toxicity to the surrounding area. Simultaneously, district’s water dams have been affected by an invasive plant called water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), both of problems require attention and remediation treatments. The objectives of this research were: a) to evaluate biochar derived from water hyacinth (H) in mining acid residues; and b) to compare its performance vs monopotassium phosphate (F), lime (L) and the phosphates mixtures with biochar (FH) or with lime (FL) by a bioassay of barley root growth, soluble metal and pH. In this investigation four substrates was used to emulate pollution gradients: 100 %-neutral pristine soil (M1); 100 %-acid mine residues (M4); and two mixtures soil: residues (w/w) of 65:35 (M2) and 35:65 (M3). The substrates were treated with the amendment (dose w/w): H (10 %-substrate), L (3.4 %-residues), F (0.06 %-soil + 0.6 %-residues), FH (0.06 %-soil + 0.6 %-residues + 10 %-substrate) y FL (0.06 %-soil + 0.6 %-residues + 3.4 %-residues) (22 total-treatments, blanks-included). This study shows that water hyacinth could be utilized as an acid mine residues treatment by converting it to biochar. It caused the increase of root length, pH and reduce the soluble Cu and Zn as with the others amendments when the residues were present. Although the reduction of soluble Pb with biochar was considerably lower than with lime in the residues-substrates.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El distrito minero de Zimapán en el estado de Hidalgo (México) ha generado residuos con alto contenido de Cu, Pb y Zn por décadas, que han sido dispuestos en presas de jales con efectos potencialmente tóxicos. Al mismo tiempo el lirio acuático (Eichhornia crassipes) una maleza acuática, ha afectado presas del mismo estado, ambos requieren de atención y soluciones. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: a) evaluar biocarbón derivado de lirio acuático (H) en residuos mineros ácidos; y simultáneamente b) comparar su desempeño con fosfato monopotásico (F), cal (L) y las mezclas fosfatos con biocarbón (FH) o cal (FL) mediante un bioensayo de crecimiento de raíz de cebada, metal soluble y pH. Se preparon cuatro sustratos para emular un gradiente de contaminación: 100 %-suelo prístino neutro (M1); 100 %-residuos ácidos mineros (M4); y dos mezclas suelo:residuos (w/w) de 65:35 (M2) y 35:65 (M3). A los sustratos se les aplicaron las enmiendas (dosis p/p): H (10 %-sustrato), L (3.4 %-residuos), F (0.06 %-suelo + 0.6 %-residuos), FH (0.06 %-suelo + 0.6 %-residuos + 10 %-sustrato) y FL (0.06 %-suelo + 0.6 %-residuos + 3.4 %-residuo) (22 tratamientos, blancos incluidos). En este estudio se demostró que el biocarbón de lirio acuático puede ser una enmienda en residuos ácidos mineros. Este incrementó la longitud de raíz y redujo el Cu y Zn soluble al mismo nivel que las otras enmiendas en los sustratos con residuos. La reducción de Pb soluble fue menor con biocarbón que con cal en las mezclas y residuos mineros.

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          Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils--to mobilize or to immobilize?

          Unlike organic contaminants, metal(loid)s do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation and persist for a long time after their introduction. Bioavailability of metal(loid)s plays a vital role in the remediation of contaminated soils. In this review, the remediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils through manipulating their bioavailability using a range of soil amendments will be presented. Mobilizing amendments such as chelating and desorbing agents increase the bioavailability and mobility of metal(loid)s. Immobilizing amendments such of precipitating agents and sorbent materials decrease the bioavailabilty and mobility of metal(loid)s. Mobilizing agents can be used to enhance the removal of heavy metal(loid)s though plant uptake and soil washing. Immobilizing agents can be used to reduce the transfer to metal(loid)s to food chain via plant uptake and leaching to groundwater. One of the major limitations of mobilizing technique is susceptibility to leaching of the mobilized heavy metal(loid)s in the absence of active plant uptake. Similarly, in the case of the immobilization technique the long-term stability of the immobilized heavy metal(loid)s needs to be monitored. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Characterisation and evaluation of biochars for their application as a soil amendment

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rica
                Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental
                Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0188-4999
                2020
                : 36
                : 3
                : 593-605
                Affiliations
                [4] Tlahuapan orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias Mexico
                [3] Montecillo orgnameColegio de Postgraduados orgdiv1Laboratorio de Fertilidad de Suelos y Química Ambiental Mexico
                [2] San Sebastián Xhala orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Agrícolas Mexico
                [1] San Sebastián Xhala orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán orgdiv2Departamento de Química Mexico
                Article
                S0188-49992020000300593 S0188-4999(20)03600300593
                10.20937/rica.53224
                acc1e8a6-7acb-4e2a-96ab-d8ab10ca2b7f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 April 2018
                : 01 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 75, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
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                Hordeum vulgare L,metal phytotoxicity,root length bioassay,substrates,fitotoxidad metálica,longitud de raíz,sustratos

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