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      Mindful Parenting in Mental Health Care

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          Abstract

          Mindfulness is a form of meditation based on the Buddhist tradition, which has been used over the last two decades to successfully treat a multitude of mental health problems. Bringing mindfulness into parenting (“mindful parenting”) is one of the applications of mindfulness. Mindful parenting interventions are increasingly being used to help prevent and treat mental disorders in children, parenting problems, and prevent intergenerational transmission of mental disorders from parents to children. However, to date, few studies have examined the hypothesized mechanisms of change brought about by mindful parenting. We discuss six possible mechanisms through which mindful parenting may bring about change in parent–child interactions in the context of child and parent mental health problems. These mechanisms are hypothesized to be mediated by the effects of mindfulness on parental attention by: (1) reducing parental stress and resulting parental reactivity; (2) reducing parental preoccupation resulting from parental and/or child psychopathology; (3) improving parental executive functioning in impulsive parents; (4) breaking the cycle of intergenerational transmission of dysfunctional parenting schemas and habits; (5) increasing self-nourishing attention; and (6) improving marital functioning and co-parenting. We review research that has applied mindful parenting in mental health settings, with a focus on evidence for these six mechanisms. Finally, we discuss directions for future research into mindful parenting and the crucial questions that this research should strive to answer.

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          Most cited references43

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          Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself

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            Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes.

            I propose that the ways people respond to their own symptoms of depression influence the duration of these symptoms. People who engage in ruminative responses to depression, focusing on their symptoms and the possible causes and consequences of their symptoms, will show longer depressions than people who take action to distract themselves from their symptoms. Ruminative responses prolong depression because they allow the depressed mood to negatively bias thinking and interfere with instrumental behavior and problem-solving. Laboratory and field studies directly testing this theory have supported its predictions. I discuss how response styles can explain the greater likelihood of depression in women than men. Then I intergrate this response styles theory with studies of coping with discrete events. The response styles theory is compared to other theories of the duration of depression. Finally, I suggest what may help a depressed person to stop engaging in ruminative responses and how response styles for depression may develop.
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              Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: replication and exploration of differential relapse prevention effects.

              Recovered recurrently depressed patients were randomized to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU plus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Replicating previous findings, MBCT reduced relapse from 78% to 36% in 55 patients with 3 or more previous episodes; but in 18 patients with only 2 (recent) episodes corresponding figures were 20% and 50%. MBCT was most effective in preventing relapses not preceded by life events. Relapses were more often associated with significant life events in the 2-episode group. This group also reported less childhood adversity and later first depression onset than the 3-or-more-episode group, suggesting that these groups represented distinct populations. MBCT is an effective and efficient way to prevent relapse/recurrence in recovered depressed patients with 3 or more previous episodes.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                S.M.Bogels@uva.nl
                Journal
                Mindfulness (N Y)
                Mindfulness
                Springer US (Boston )
                1868-8527
                1868-8535
                25 May 2010
                25 May 2010
                June 2010
                : 1
                : 2
                : 107-120
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
                [2 ]Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
                [3 ]Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
                Article
                14
                10.1007/s12671-010-0014-5
                2987569
                21125026
                acd1880b-ac19-4b06-9141-379ac55bc879
                © The Author(s) 2010
                History
                Categories
                Original Paper
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                parent mental disorder,mindful parenting,parenting,child mental disorder,attention,mindfulness

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