Brote familiar por el nematodo Trichostrongylus colubriformis en una zona rural de la provincia de Valdivia: una zoonosis de rara ocurrencia  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Family outbreak caused by the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis in a rural area of the province of Valdivia: a rare occurrence zoonoses </span>

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Abstract

Resumen La trichostrongylosis es una zoonosis de rara ocurrencia causada por nematodos intestinales, favorecida por el consumo de vegetales crudos o agua contaminada con larvas infectantes de Trichostrongylus spp. En 2015, se registró un brote familiar transmitido por alimentos en una zona rural de Valdivia, afectando a una mujer de 51 años de edad y su pareja e hija de 56 y 12 años; respectivamente. Solo la mujer adulta, el caso índice, presentó síntomas como diarrea, dolor abdominal, astenia y náuseas. Los pacientes eliminaron huevos de Trichostrongylidae gen. sp. en sus deposiciones, identificándose en dos de ellos, adultos de Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Tuvieron una buena respuesta a albendazol. En Chile, se han registrado prevalencias de infección de 0,1 a 3,5%, incluyendo un total de 93 casos diagnosticados entre las provincias de Concepción y Llanquihue.

Translated abstract

Abstract Trichostrongylosis is a rare occurrence zoonosis caused by intestinal nematodes, favored by the consumption of raw vegetables or water contaminated with infective larvae of Trichostrongylus spp. In 2015, a family outbreak of foodborne disease was registered in a rural zone of Valdivia, affecting to 51-year-old woman and her 56-year-old partner and her 12-year-old daughter. Only the adult woman, the index case, presented symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, asthenia, and nausea. The patients revealed Trichostrongylidae gen. sp. eggs in their stools, identifying Trichostrongylus colubriformis adults in two of them. They had a good response to treatment with albendazol. In Chile, 0.1 to 3.5% prevalence of infection has been reported, including a total of 93 cases recorded between the provinces of Concepción and Llanquihue.

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PARASITOS DE LOS ANIMALES DOMESTICOS EN CHILE

HÉCTOR ALCAÍNO, TEXIA GORMAN (1999)

PARASITES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS IN CHILE An up-to-date list of the parasites that have been identified in horses, cattle, sheep, goats, llamas, alpacas, pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, chickens and pigeons in Chile, according to the studies performed at the University of Chile and other Universities and Institutes.

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Present status of trichostrongyliasis in Iran.

E Ghadirian, F Arfaa (1975)

Infection with species of Trichostrongylus is common among man and animals in most parts of Iran, and human infections with T. orientalis, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, T. axei, T. capricola, T. probolurus, T. skrjabini, and a possibly new, unnamed species have been reported. All are found in Isfahan, central Iran, where the overall prevalence is 67% and the predominant species are T. orientalis and T. colubriformis. Among 737 nomads migrating from the central parts to the south, 86% were found to be infected with one or more of five species (in order of frequency): T. colubriformis, T. orientalis, T. axei, T. capricola, and T. vitrinus. In Khuzestan, southwest Iran, human infections with T. orientalis, T. colubriformis, T. axei, and T. vitrinus with an overall prevalence of 71% have been reported. In the northern parts, along the Caspian Sea, the rate is 7% and the species found, in order of frequency, are T. colubriformis, T. axei, T. vitrinus, and T. orientalis. Trichostrongylus infections are also found in the northwest but are rarely seen in the northeast. In most areas females are more frequently and more heavily infected than are males. All species found in man, except the new, unnamed species, are also found in sheep, goats, cattle, and camels; the number of species found and the order of their frequency differ in various animals and in different areas. Infection in other mammals, such as hares (T. retortaeformis and T. orientalis) and porcupines (T. orientalis), has also been reported.

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Prevalence and clinical aspects of human Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in Lao PDR.

Orawan Phuphisut, Wanna Maipanich, Supaporn Nuamtanong … (2013)

There have been few studies on human trichostrongyliasis in Southeast Asia, information on its clinical manifestations is also sparse. Trichostrongyliasis occurs predominantly in areas where poor hygiene is common especially where human/animal feces are used as a fertilizer, thereby contaminating vegetables and stream water. The intimate coexistence of domestic animals and humans explains the prevalence of Trichostrongylus infection in such areas. The goal of the current study was to determine the prevalence of trichostrongyliasis among villagers in Thakamrien village, Sonkon district, Savannakhet province, Laos, and to investigate potential relationships between clinical features, laboratory data, and severity of infection. Of 272 villagers examined, 160 (58.8%) were determined positive for helminthic infections by fecal examination, and 59 (36.9%) of these were infected with Trichostrongylus. Only 58 cases were in the inclusion criteria of the study and then underwent further assessment, including a questionnaire on personal behaviors, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Villagers in the trichostrongyliasis group were more likely than the control group to have consumed fresh vegetables, not washed their hands before meals or after using the toilet, and to have had close contact with herbivorous animals (goats and cows). Similarly, villagers in the trichostrongyliasis group were more likely than the control group to have a history of loose feces, rash, or abdominal pain; however, no obvious clinical symptoms were observed during physical examination of the trichostrongyliasis patients. The degree of infection was determined by both fecal egg counts and quantification of adult worms after deworming. Laboratory data were evaluated for any relationship with severity of infection. No significant differences were found in laboratory values between the trichostrongyliasis and control groups, with most values being within normal limits; however, both groups had high eosinophil counts. This study demonstrated that the useful clinical characteristics of trichostrongyliasis patients include history of loose feces, rashes, and abdominal pain, as well as in personal behaviors, such as the regular consumption of fresh vegetables, lack of hand washing, and close contact with cattle.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): rci

Title: Revista chilena de infectología

Abbreviated Title: Rev. chil. infectol.

Publisher: Sociedad Chilena de Infectología (Santiago, , Chile )

ISSN (Print): 0716-1018

Publication date (Print and electronic): June 2021

Volume: 38

Issue: 3

Pages: 455-460

Affiliations

[2] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Laboratorio Clínico orgdiv2Unidad de Parasitología Chile

[3] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Policlínico del Personal Chile

[1] Valdivia orgnameInstituto de Parasitología orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile

Article

Publisher ID: S0716-10182021000300455 Publisher ID: S0716-1018(21)03800300455

DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182021000300455

PubMed ID: 34479306

SO-VID: ad4adad4-4557-47ec-989a-de8d26f057fa

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

History

Date accepted : 13 April 2021

Date received : 05 November 2020

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 6

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SciELO Chile

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Brote familiar por el nematodo Trichostrongylus colubriformis en una zona rural de la provincia de Valdivia: una zoonosis de rara ocurrencia Translated title: Family outbreak caused by the nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis in a rural area of the province of Valdivia: a rare occurrence zoonoses

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