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      Autopercepción y satisfacción corporal de la población adulta mexicana por estados: una modelación probabilística con base en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de México (ENSANUT) 2012 Translated title: Autoperception and satisfaction on adult mexican´s body by states: a probabilistic model based on the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2012

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo:inferir el modelo probabilístico que represente a nivel estatal las discrepancias entre percepción y aspiración de la población mexicana en cuanto a su figura, a través de las denominadas siluetas de Stunkard, Sorenson y Schulsinger. Metodología: con muestras representativas a nivel estatal provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT) 2012, se estimaron discrepancias entre distintos Índices de Masa Corporal (IMC): el medido y el autoreportado. Se utilizaron pruebas de bondad de ajuste y, con modelos ajustados de normalidad estadística, se calcularon probabilidades. Se aplicaron clusters jerárquicos a variables vinculadas con las discrepancias para identificar similitudes entre las muestras de los estados. Resultados: con la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), la Anderson-Darling (AD) y la Ji cuadrada (χ2) con una significancia del 1%, se ajustaron las discrepancias por sexo y estados, y en su mayoría se obtuvo una distribución normal. Se realizaron algunas estimaciones de probabilidades y se aplicó la regla empírica, con lo que se dimensionó la magnitud del posible conocimiento del IMC medido y de la satisfacción existente. Se identificaron grupos de estados que comparten similitudes en sus poblaciones en relación a variables estimadas. Conclusiones: se constató una percepción equivoca y una aspiración sistemática, permeadas de heterogeneidad ante un escenario de obesidad y sobrepeso que posee la mayor parte de la población mexicana.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Objective: to infer the probabilistic model of the discrepancy between how Mexicans perceive and aspire to be in their figure through the so-called Stunkard, Sorenson and Schulsinger silhouettes at state level. Methodology: we estimate discrepancies between different Body Mass Indexes (BMI): the measured and the auto reported. Then state samples are employed coming from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2012. Goodness-of-fit tests are used, and, with adjusted normal models, specific probabilities are calculated. Some variables linked to discrepancies are taken into account for applying hierarchical clusters to identify similarities between states. Results: the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), Anderson-Darling (AD) and Chi-square (χ2) tests were employed to model discrepancies by sex and state. The Normal distribution was recognized as appropriate. Some estimates of probabilities are made and the Empirical Rule is applied, which measures the magnitude of the possible knowing of the real BMI and the existing satisfaction. We identify groups of states that share similarities in their populations in relation to estimated variables. Conclusions: there is an erroneous perception and a systematic aspiration, permeated by heterogeneity in the face of a scenario of obesity or overweight in most mexicans.

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          Body figure perceptions and preferences among preadolescent children

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            Body image assessment: A review of figural drawing scales

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              BMI-based body size guides for women and men: development and validation of a novel pictorial method to assess weight-related concepts.

              To develop and evaluate two BMI-based instruments to determine perceptions of weight status, particularly perceptions of overweight and obesity, using pictorial images of women and men. Pictures of adults with known BMI values were used to construct gender-specific body size guides (BSGs) containing 10 bodies that ranged from underweight to class III obesity. Figures were standardized and a composite face was added to each. The BSGs were administered to 400 adults to assess the psychometric properties of the instruments and weight perceptions. High correlations between the BMIs of respondents and the BMIs of the current body selected by respondents provided strong support for the criterion-related validity of the BSGs, and the logical pattern of responses to items assessing perception of weight categories supported construct validity for the scales. Test-retest reliability, assessed by correlations for both current and ideal body, was also high, despite the lengthy 6-month testing interval. Respondents' perceptions of the bodies within specific weight categories indicated that a majority failed to recognize the overweight female as overweight and perceived the overweight male as normal weight. Obese bodies were generally unrecognized as such until the bodies reached the higher levels of obesity (that is, BMI values >39). Perception of weight was influenced by the respondents' weight status and gender. Psychometric analyses indicated the BSGs are valid and reliable instruments. These results, coupled with the face validity of the scales and the relationship between the bodies and BMI values, indicate the BSGs offer advantages over existing instruments for researchers of weight perception and body image. Administration of the scales to an adult sample confirmed that overweight and obesity are under-recognized. Increased efforts to improve public understanding of these terms are needed and the BSGs may provide useful tools for this purpose.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                psm
                Población y Salud en Mesoamérica
                PSM
                Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro Centroamericano de Población (San Pedro, San José, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica )
                1659-0201
                December 2018
                : 16
                : 1
                : 1-20
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Anáhuac Mexico jose.silva@ 123456anahuac.mx
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Anáhuac Mexico galicia.actuario@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1659-02012018000200001
                10.15517/psm.v1i1.30701
                ad58ec1e-35b9-43a5-a807-5d4f6977744f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 January 2018
                : 12 June 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 20
                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Categories
                Artículo

                México.,Body mass index,anthropometry,Stunkard silhouettes,goodness of fit tests,clusters,Mexico,Índice de masa corporal,antropometría,siluetas de Stunkard,pruebas de bondad de ajuste

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