circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in human lung cancer: an update

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Circular RNAs, as hopeful diagnosis markers and therapeutic molecules, have been studied, probed and applied into several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, leukemia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and cancer especially. Recently, mounting evidence has supported that circRNAs play a key role in the tumorigenesis, progress, invasion and metastasis in lung cancer. Its special structure—3′–5′ covalent loop—allow it to execute several special functions in both normal eukaryotic cells and cancer cells. Our review summaries the latest studies on characteristics and biogenesis of circRNAs, and highlight the regulatory functions about miRNA sponge of lung-cancer-related circRNAs. In addition, the interaction of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network will also be elaborated in detail in this review. Therefore, this review can provide a new idea or strategy for further development and application in clinical setting in terms of early-diagnosis and better treatment.

Related collections

Most cited references 59

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Coordinated circRNA Biogenesis and Function with NF90/NF110 in Viral Infection

Xiang Li, Chu-Xiao Liu, Wei Xue … (2017)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) generated via back-splicing are enhanced by flanking complementary sequences. Expression levels of circRNAs vary under different conditions, suggesting participation of protein factors in their biogenesis. Using genome-wide siRNA screening that targets all human unique genes and an efficient circRNA expression reporter, we identify double-stranded RNA-binding domain containing immune factors NF90/NF110 as key regulators in circRNA biogenesis. NF90/NF110 promote circRNA production in the nucleus by associating with intronic RNA pairs juxtaposing the circRNA-forming exon(s); they also interact with mature circRNAs in the cytoplasm. Upon viral infection, circRNA expression is decreased, in part owing to the nuclear export of NF90/NF110 to the cytoplasm. Meanwhile, NF90/NF110 released from circRNP complexes bind to viral mRNAs as part of their functions in antiviral immune response. Our results therefore implicate a coordinated regulation of circRNA biogenesis and function by NF90/NF110 in viral infection.

0 comments Cited 288 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Is Open Access

The Biogenesis of Nascent Circular RNAs.

Yang Zhang, Meng Wei Xue, Xiang Li … (2016)

Steady-state circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been mapped to thousands of genomic loci in mammals. We studied circRNA processing using metabolic tagging of nascent RNAs with 4-thiouridine (4sU). Strikingly, the efficiency of circRNA processing from pre-mRNA is extremely low endogenously. Additional studies revealed that back-splicing outcomes correlate with fast RNA Polymerase II elongation rate and are tightly controlled by cis-elements in vivo. Additionally, prolonged 4sU labeling in cells shows that circRNAs are largely processed post-transcriptionally and that circRNAs are stable. Circular RNAs that are abundant at a steady-state level tend to accumulate. This is particularly true in cells, such as neurons, that have slow division rates. This study uncovers features of circRNA biogenesis by investigating the link between nascent circRNA processing and transcription.

0 comments Cited 255 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

DHX9 suppresses RNA processing defects originating from the Alu invasion of the human genome

Tugce Aktas, İbrahim Avşar Ilık, Daniel Maticzka … (2017)

Transposable elements are viewed as ‘selfish genetic elements’, yet they contribute to gene regulation and genome evolution in diverse ways. More than half of the human genome consists of transposable elements. Alu elements belong to the short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) family of repetitive elements, and with over 1 million insertions they make up more than 10% of the human genome. Despite their abundance and the potential evolutionary advantages they confer, Alu elements can be mutagenic to the host as they can act as splice acceptors, inhibit translation of mRNAs and cause genomic instability. Alu elements are the main targets of the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR and the formation of Alu exons is suppressed by the nuclear ribonucleoprotein HNRNPC, but the broad effect of massive secondary structures formed by inverted-repeat Alu elements on RNA processing in the nucleus remains unknown. Here we show that DHX9, an abundant nuclear RNA helicase, binds specifically to inverted-repeat Alu elements that are transcribed as parts of genes. Loss of DHX9 leads to an increase in the number of circular-RNA-producing genes and amount of circular RNAs, translational repression of reporters containing inverted-repeat Alu elements, and transcriptional rewiring (the creation of mostly nonsensical novel connections between exons) of susceptible loci. Biochemical purifications of DHX9 identify the interferon-inducible isoform of ADAR (p150), but not the constitutively expressed ADAR isoform (p110), as an RNA-independent interaction partner. Co-depletion of ADAR and DHX9 augments the double-stranded RNA accumulation defects, leading to increased circular RNA production, revealing a functional link between these two enzymes. Our work uncovers an evolutionarily conserved function of DHX9. We propose that it acts as a nuclear RNA resolvase that neutralizes the immediate threat posed by transposon insertions and allows these elements to evolve as tools for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.

0 comments Cited 251 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Tian-Tuo Zhang:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-8135

zhtituli@163.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cancer Cell Int

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cancer Cell Int

Title: Cancer Cell International

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1475-2867

Publication date (Electronic): 19 May 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 19 May 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 20

Electronic Location Identifier: 173

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.412558.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1762 1794, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Sun Yat-sen University, ; 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630 China

[2 ]GRID grid.412558.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1762 1794, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, ; Guangzhou, China

Author information

Tian-Tuo Zhang http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-8135

Article

Publisher ID: 1245

DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01245-4

PMC ID: 7236303

PubMed ID: 32467668

SO-VID: ad8184b8-65e3-4b8b-954b-f2771aa4eac2

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 12 June 2019

Date accepted : 7 May 2020

Funding

Funded by: the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province

Award ID: 2017A030313525

Award Recipient : Tian-Tuo Zhang

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: circular rnas,lung neoplasms,cerna-mirna-mrna,mirna sponge

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy

Keywords: circular rnas, lung neoplasms, cerna-mirna-mrna, mirna sponge

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 89

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 1,830

See all reference authors

circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in human lung cancer: an update

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Karger: Oncology

Most cited references 59

Coordinated circRNA Biogenesis and Function with NF90/NF110 in Viral Infection

The Biogenesis of Nascent Circular RNAs.

DHX9 suppresses RNA processing defects originating from the Alu invasion of the human genome

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author information

Article

History

Funding

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 241

Cited by 89

Most referenced authors 1,830