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      DISTRIBUCIÓN Y PREFERENCIAS CLIMÁTICAS DE Sobralia uribei (ORCHIDACEAE): UNA ESPECIE ENDÉMICA DE SANTANDER, COLOMBIA Translated title: DISTRIBUTION AND CLIMATE PREFERENCES Sobralia uribei (ORCHIDACEAE): AN ENDEMIC SPECIES FROM SANTANDER, COLOMBIA

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          Abstract

          En Colombia alrededor del 35% de las especies registradas son endémicas y, en algunos casos, sólo son conocidas por el espécimen o localidad tipo. No obstante, el avance de la frontera agrícola, la deforestación, la minería y otras prácticas antropogénicas, son las principales causas de su extinción. Los estudios realizados en Santander, desde la decada del sesenta, determinaron que Sobralia uribei, especie endémica de este departamento, es conocida en una localidad del municipio de Piedecuesta. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la diversidad intraespecífica, distribución y estado actual de conservación de S. uribei. Por esta razón, se revisaron los herbarios locales y se realizaron salidas de campo en el departamento de Santander. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados para análisis morfológicos y biogeográficos mediante el programa DIVA-GIS. Después de 54 años, se registra una nueva localidad en el municipio de Contratación, a una distancia en línea recta de 84 km, y un promedio de 1500-2000 msnm. Los caracteres morfológicos diferenciales fueron la altura de la planta (1-3 m), el color del ápice del labelo (blanco o lila), y el número de flores por racimo (9-11vs 7-9). La distribución potencial se concentró en los municipios de El Carmen, San Vicente de Chucurí, Hato, Galán y Zapatoca, entre los 1500 a 2600 msnm, y no donde fue colectada. La temperatura de las subpoblaciones no presenta diferencias significativas, y los inicios de la precipitación de enero a abril permiten la floración de la especie. El estatus de conservación de S. uribei se defiene en la categoría de Peligro Crítico (CR) según los criterios de riesgo propuestos por la UICN. Actualmente, la intervención antrópica es el factor principal que puede causar la extinción de las subpoblaciones existentes, por lo que estrategias de conservación in situ y ex situ son urgentes y necesarias.

          Translated abstract

          In Colombia, about 35% of the recorded species are endemic and in some cases are only known specimen type or location. However, the advance of the agricultural frontier, deforestation, mining and other anthropogenic practices are the main causes of extinction. Studies in Santander, from the sixties, determined that Sobralia uribei, endemic to this department, is known in a locality in the municipality of Piedecuesta. The objective of this research was to study the intraspecific diversity, distribution and state of conservation of S. uribei. For this reason, local herbal reviewed and conducted field trips in the Department of Santander. The data obtained were processed for morphological and biogeographic analysis using DIVA-GIS program. After 54 years, a new location is recorded in the municipality of Trade, a straight line distance of 84 km, and an average of 1500 to 2000 m. The differential morphological characters were plant height (1-3 m), the apex of the lip color (white or purple), and the number of flowers per cluster (9-11 vs 7-9). The potential distribution is concentrated in the towns of El Carmen, San Vicente de Chucurí, Hato, Galán and Zapatoca, between 1500-2600 m, and not where it was collected. The temperature of subpopulations no significant differences and the beginning of the precipitation from January to April, allowing the flowering of the species. The conservation status of S. uribei is defiene in the category of Critically Endangered (CR) according to risk criteria proposed by IUCN. Currently, human intervention is the main factor that may cause the extinction of existing subpopulations, so conservation strategies in situ and ex situ, are urgent and necessary.

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          Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool

          Abstract GeoCAT is an open source, browser based tool that performs rapid geospatial analysis to ease the process of Red Listing taxa. Developed to utilise spatially referenced primary occurrence data, the analysis focuses on two aspects of the geographic range of a taxon: the extent of occurrence (EOO) and the area of occupancy (AOO). These metrics form part of the IUCN Red List categories and criteria and have often proved challenging to obtain in an accurate, consistent and repeatable way. Within a familiar Google Maps environment, GeoCAT users can quickly and easily combine data from multiple sources such as GBIF, Flickr and Scratchpads as well as user generated occurrence data. Analysis is done with the click of a button and is visualised instantly, providing an indication of the Red List threat rating, subject to meeting the full requirements of the criteria. Outputs including the results, data and parameters used for analysis are stored in a GeoCAT file that can be easily reloaded or shared with collaborators. GeoCAT is a first step toward automating the data handling process of Red List assessing and provides a valuable hub from which further developments and enhancements can be spawned.
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              Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                luaz
                Luna Azul
                Luna Azul
                Universidad de Caldas (Manizales, Caldas, Colombia )
                1909-2474
                July 2016
                : 0
                : 43
                : 128-144
                Affiliations
                [02] Villavicencio orgnameUniversidad de los Llanos Colombia
                [03] Palmira orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [01] Palmira orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia mmbonillam@ 123456unal.edu.co
                Article
                S1909-24742016000200007
                10.17151/luaz.2016.43.7
                ae241e9f-56f4-460f-9cbb-0315976935c6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 March 2015
                : 31 August 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Biogeography,conservation,orchid,Sobralieae,Biogeografía,conservación,orquídea

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