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      Relações cineantropométricas e fisiológicas durante exercício incremental em esteira rolante Translated title: Kineanthropometric and physiological relations during incremental treadmill exercise

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          Abstract

          Testes incrementais em esteira rolante são muito utilizados para prescrição de treinamentos, havendo alterações fisiológicas e cinemáticas devido à natureza de incremento da intensidade do exercício. Contudo, a antropometria é um fator que não apresenta consenso na literatura. Neste sentido, os objetivos do presente estudo foram verificar o efeito de exercício incremental na concentração de lactato sanguíneo ([LAC]), e glicose ([GLI]), como também na frequência (FP) e amplitude de passadas (AP). Além disso, correlacionar valores de dados antropométricos (massa, altura, % de gordura) com as alterações existentes das [LAC] e [GLI]. Treze voluntários saudáveis realizaram teste incremental em esteira rolante (início a 8km/h, com incrementos de 1km/h a cada 3min até a exaustão). Antes e 3min após a realização do teste incremental foram registrados os valores de [LAC] e [GLI]. Durante cada intensidade do teste incremental foram realizadas avaliações da AP e FP por meio de filmagens no plano sagital. Como resultados, verificou-se que a [LAC] e [GLI] antes do teste incremental (1,94 ± 0,4mmol/L e 94,3 ± 7mg/dL, respectivamente) foram significantemente menores que os valores encontrados após o teste incremental (9,51 ± 2,7mmol/L e 126 ± 16mg/dL, respectivamente). Além disso, verificou-se aumento significante e gradativo da AP e FP ao longo do teste incremental. Correlações inversas e significantes (p < 0,05) foram encontradas entre a [LAC] e altura, massa corporal e o nível de treinamento dos voluntários. Conclui-se que a execução do teste incremental altera parâmetros cinemáticos (pela necessidade de deslocamento mais rápido) e fisiológicos (processo de fadiga muscular, em decorrência do aumento da velocidade). Além disso, voluntários menores e mais leves podem apresentar maiores concentrações de metabólitos.

          Translated abstract

          Incremental treadmill tests are widely used for prescription of aerobic and anaerobic training. Physiological and kinematics parameters are changed by the progressive nature of this activity. However, there is no consensus on how anthropometric characteristics may affect the incremental test performance. Therefore, the aims of this study were (1) to verify the effects of the incremental treadmill test on the blood lactate concentration ([LAC]), glucose concentration ([GLU]), step frequency (SF) and step length (SL), and (2) to correlate anthropometric data (body mass, height, %body fat) to changes in [LAC] and [GLU]. Thirteen healthy males volunteered to this study and performed an incremental running test on a treadmill (start: 8 km/h, with progressive increases [1 km/h] at each three minute until exhaustion). [LAC] and [GLU] were registered before and 3 min after the incremental test performance. SF and SL were registered for each running speed by digital images at the sagital plane. As results, we verified that [LAC] and [GLU] before the incremental test (1.94 ± 0.4 mmol/L and 94.3 ± 7 mg/dL, respectively) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than after the incremental test (9.51 ± 2.7 mmol/L and 126 ± 16. mg/dL, respectively). In addition, SF and SL presented significant increase (p < 0.05) throughout the incremental test. [LAC] presented inverse and significant correlations (p < 0.05) to height and body mass. Thus, an incremental treadmill running test affects kinematic (SF and SL) and physiological conditions (muscular fatigue, as consequence of the speed increase). Besides this, shorter and lighter subjects may present higher metabolite concentrations after this type of test.

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          Most cited references15

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          Ground reaction forces and kinematics in distance running in older-aged men.

          Sicco Bus (2003)
          The biomechanics of distance running has not been studied before in older-aged runners but may be different than in younger-aged runners because of musculoskeletal degeneration at older age. This study aimed at determining whether the stance phase kinematics and ground reaction forces in running are different between younger- and older-aged men. Lower-extremity kinematics using three-dimensional motion analysis and ground reaction forces (GRF) using a force plate were assessed in 16 older-aged (55-65 yr) and 13 younger-aged (20-35 yr) well-trained male distance runners running at a self-selected (SRS) and a controlled (CRS) speed of 3.3 m.s-1. The older subjects ran at significantly lower self-selected speeds than the younger subjects (mean 3.34 vs 3.77 m.s-1). In both speed conditions, the older runners exhibited significantly more knee flexion at heel strike and significantly less knee flexion and extension range of motion. No age group differences were present in subtalar joint motion. Impact peak force (1.91 vs 1.70 BW) and maximal initial loading rate (107.5 vs 85.5 BW.s-1) were significantly higher in the older runners at the CRS. Maximal peak vertical and anteroposterior forces and impulses were significantly lower in the older runners at the SRS. The biomechanics of running is different between older- and younger-aged runners on several relevant parameters. The larger impact peak force and initial loading rate indicate a loss of shock-absorbing capacity in the older runners. This may increase their susceptibility to lower-extremity overuse injuries. Moreover, it emphasizes the focus on optimizing cushioning properties in the design and prescription of running shoes and suggests that older-aged runners should be cautious with running under conditions of high impact.
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            Neuromuscular characteristics and muscle power as determinants of 5-km running performance

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              Índices fisiológicos de avaliação aeróbia: conceitos e aplicações

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbme
                Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
                Rev Bras Med Esporte
                Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte (São Paulo )
                1806-9940
                August 2010
                : 16
                : 4
                : 286-290
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Centro Universitário Euro-Americano Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Católica de Brasília Brazil
                Article
                S1517-86922010000400011
                10.1590/S1517-86922010000400011
                ae56efd9-d42a-4a88-8096-f63fccb06777

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1517-8692&lng=en
                Categories
                PHYSIOLOGY
                SPORT SCIENCES

                Sports medicine,Anatomy & Physiology
                muscular fatigue,running,incremental test,kinematics,fadiga muscular,corrida,teste incremental,cinemática

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