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      Las poblaciones vulnerables enfrentando los desafíos durante la pandemia del covid-19: una revisión sistemática Translated title: Vulnerable populations’ coping in facing challenges during the covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Objetivo Durante la pandemia, la aplicación del distanciamiento social determina que las poblaciones vulnerables se conviertan en uno de los grupos que experimentan los peores impactos, especialmente niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. El propósito de este estudio es analizar los obstáculos que experimentan las poblaciones vulnerables. Método Este estudio utiliza un método de búsqueda de literatura en varias bases de datos como CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, ScienceDirect de 2015-2020. Resultados Los resultados de la búsqueda obtuvieron 17 artículos. La revisión crítica que se llevó a cabo siguió las directrices del Programa de Habilidades de Evaluación Crítica (CASP) de Cochrane. Los resultados de este estudio fueron las condiciones pandémicas que ocurren durante un largo período y pueden afectar a poblaciones vulnerables de la sociedad, que consisten en niños, mujeres embarazadas y adultos mayores. Las poblaciones vulnerables tienen varios mecanismos de supervivencia y están significativamente influenciadas por la presencia o ausencia de apoyo social de la familia, la comunidad y el gobierno. Conclusiones La importancia del papel del gobierno en prestar atención a la calidad de los servicios especiales de salud para poblaciones vulnerables puede mejorar el bienestar y el estado de salud de estas poblaciones.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Primary Goal: During the pandemic, the application of social distancing resulting in vulnerable populations becoming one of the groups experiencing the worst impacts, especially those who are children, pregnant women, and older adults. The purpose of this study is to analyze the obstacles encountered by these vulnerable populations. Methods: This study uses a literature search method on several databases, namely CINAHL, Proquest, Wiley, and ScienceDirect, in the 2015(2020 period. Results: The search resulted in 17 articles. The critical review carried out followed the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guidelines from Cochrane. This study's results were pandemic conditions that occur over a long period can affect vulnerable populations in society, consisting of children, pregnant women, and older adults. Vulnerable people have various coping mechanisms and are significantly affected by the presence or absence of social support from family, community, and the Government. Conclusions: The importance of the Government's role in paying attention to the quality of specific health services for vulnerable populations can improve these populations' welfare and health status.

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          COVID stress syndrome: Concept, structure, and correlates

          Abstract Background Research shows that the COVID Stress Scales have a robust multifactorial structure, representing five correlated facets of COVID‐19‐related distress: (a) Fear of the dangerousness of COVID‐19, which includes fear of coming into contact with fomites potentially contaminated with SARSCoV2, (b) worry about socioeconomic costs of COVID‐19 (e.g., worry about personal finances and disruption in the supply chain), (c) xenophobic fears that foreigners are spreading SARSCoV2, (d) traumatic stress symptoms associated with direct or vicarious traumatic exposure to COVID‐19 (nightmares, intrusive thoughts, or images related to COVID‐19), and (e) COVID‐19‐related compulsive checking and reassurance seeking. These factors cohere to form a COVID stress syndrome, which we sought to further delineate in the present study. Methods A population‐representative sample of 6,854 American and Canadian adults completed a self‐report survey comprising questions about current mental health and COVID‐19‐related experiences, distress, and coping. Results Network analysis revealed that worry about the dangerousness of COVID‐19 is the central feature of the syndrome. Latent class analysis indicated that the syndrome is quasi‐dimensional, comprising five classes differing in syndrome severity. Sixteen percent of participants were in the most severe class and possibly needing mental health services. Syndrome severity was correlated with preexisting psychopathology and with excessive COVID‐19‐related avoidance, panic buying, and coping difficulties during self‐isolation. Conclusion The findings provide new information about the structure and correlates of COVID stress syndrome. Further research is needed to determine whether the syndrome will abate once the pandemic has passed or whether, for some individuals, it becomes a chronic condition.
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            Effects of COVID 19 pandemic in daily life

            Dear Editor, COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has affected day to day life and is slowing down the global economy. This pandemic has affected thousands of peoples, who are either sick or are being killed due to the spread of this disease. The most common symptoms of this viral infection are fever, cold, cough, bone pain and breathing problems, and ultimately leading to pneumonia. This, being a new viral disease affecting humans for the first time, vaccines are not yet available. Thus, the emphasis is on taking extensive precautions like extensive hygiene protocol (e.g., regularly washing of hands, avoidance of face to face interaction etc.), social distancing and wearing of masks etc. This virus is spreading exponentially region wise. Countries are banning gatherings of people to the spread and break the exponential curve 1 , 2 . Many countries are locking their population and enforcing strict quarantine to control the spread of the havoc of this highly communicable disease. COVID-19 has rapidly affected our day to day life, businesses, disrupted the world trade and movements. Identification of the disease at an early stage is vital to control the spread of the virus because it very rapidly spreads from person to person. Most of the countries have slowed down their manufacturing of the products 3 , 4 . The various industries and sectors are affected by the cause of this disease; these include the pharmaceuticals industry, solar power sector, tourism, Information and electronics industry. This virus creates significant knock-on effects on the daily life of citizens as well as about the global economy. Presently the impacts of COVID-19 in daily life are extensive and have far reaching consequences. These can be divided into various categories: A) Healthcare • Challenges in the diagnosis, quarantine and treatment of suspected or confirmed cases • High burden of the functioning of the existing medical system • Patients with other disease and health problems are getting neglected • Overload on doctors and other healthcare professionals, who are at a very high risk • Overloading of medical shops • Requirement for high protection • Disruption of medical supply chain B) Economic • Slowing of the manufacturing of essential goods • Disrupt the supply chain of products • Losses in national and international business • Poor cash flow in the market • Significant slowing down in the revenue growth C) Social • Service sector is not being able to provide their proper service • Cancellation or postponement of large-scale sports and tournaments • Avoiding the national and international travelling and cancellation of services • Disruption of celebration of cultural, religious and festive events • Undue stress among the population • Social distancing with our peers and family members • Closure of the hotels, restaurants and religious places • Closure of places for entertainment like movie and play theatres, sports clubs, gymnasiums, swimming pools etc. • Postponement of examinations This COVID-19 has affected the sources of supply and effects the global economy. There are restrictions of travelling from one country to another country. During travelling, numbers of cases are identified positive when tested, especially when they are taking international visits 5 . All governments, health organisations and other authorities are continuously focusing on identifying the cases affected by the COVID-19. Healthcare professional face lot of difficulties in maintaining the quality of healthcare in these days. Declaration of Competing Interest None
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              Stress and Coping in the Time of Covid-19: Pathways to Resilience and Recovery.

              Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted virtually every aspect of daily living, engendering forced isolation and social distance, economic hardship, fears of contracting a potentially lethal illness and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. Unfortunately, there is no formula or operating manual for how to cope with the current global pandemic. Previous research has documented an array of responses to mass crises or disasters, including chronic anxiety and posttraumatic stress as well as resilience and recovery. Much can be learned from this research about how people have coped in the past in order to identify strategies that may be particularly effective in managing distress and cultivating resilience during these perilous times. We delineate multiple coping strategies (e.g., behavioral activation, acceptance-based coping, mindfulness practice, loving-kindness practices) geared to decrease stress and promote resilience and recovery. These strategies may be especially effective because they help individuals make meaning, build distress tolerance, increase social support, foster a view of our deep human interconnectedness, and take goal-directed value-driven actions in midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2021
                : 20
                : 63
                : 601-621
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameSekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan RS Husada orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermería de Salud Infantil Indonesia
                [1] Bandung West Java orgnameUniversidad Pendidikan Indonesia orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermería Indonesia linaanisa@ 123456upi.edu
                [2] orgnameSekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mitra Keluarga Indonesia
                Article
                S1695-61412021000300019 S1695-6141(21)02006300019
                10.6018/eglobal.456301
                ae6f9afa-ce1b-4a18-aadb-75dcc921a55e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 March 2021
                : 16 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 21
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                SciELO Spain

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                afrontamiento,COVID-19,pandemia,poblaciones vulnerables,coping,pandemic,vulnerable populations

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