Hierarchically arranged helical fibre actuators driven by solvents and vapours

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Nature’s hierarchical materials

Peter Fratzl, Richard Weinkamer (2008)

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How the Venus flytrap snaps.

Yoël Forterre, Jan Skotheim, Jacques Dumais … (2005)

The rapid closure of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) leaf in about 100 ms is one of the fastest movements in the plant kingdom. This led Darwin to describe the plant as "one of the most wonderful in the world". The trap closure is initiated by the mechanical stimulation of trigger hairs. Previous studies have focused on the biochemical response of the trigger hairs to stimuli and quantified the propagation of action potentials in the leaves. Here we complement these studies by considering the post-stimulation mechanical aspects of Venus flytrap closure. Using high-speed video imaging, non-invasive microscopy techniques and a simple theoretical model, we show that the fast closure of the trap results from a snap-buckling instability, the onset of which is controlled actively by the plant. Our study identifies an ingenious solution to scaling up movements in non-muscular engines and provides a general framework for understanding nastic motion in plants.

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Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread.

Carter Haines, Márcio D Lima, Na Li … (2014)

The high cost of powerful, large-stroke, high-stress artificial muscles has combined with performance limitations such as low cycle life, hysteresis, and low efficiency to restrict applications. We demonstrated that inexpensive high-strength polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread can be easily transformed by twist insertion to provide fast, scalable, nonhysteretic, long-life tensile and torsional muscles. Extreme twisting produces coiled muscles that can contract by 49%, lift loads over 100 times heavier than can human muscle of the same length and weight, and generate 5.3 kilowatts of mechanical work per kilogram of muscle weight, similar to that produced by a jet engine. Woven textiles that change porosity in response to temperature and actuating window shutters that could help conserve energy were also demonstrated. Large-stroke tensile actuation was theoretically and experimentally shown to result from torsional actuation.

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Journal

Title: Nature Nanotechnology

Abbreviated Title: Nature Nanotech

Publisher: Springer Nature

ISSN (Print): 1748-3387

ISSN (Electronic): 1748-3395

Publication date Created: September 14 2015

Publication date (Print): September 14 2015

Volume: 10

Issue: 12

Pages: 1077-1083

Article

DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.198

PubMed ID: 26367106

SO-VID: ae80f66c-4098-4a5a-b39b-36eb8ded6c2e

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Hierarchically arranged helical fibre actuators driven by solvents and vapours

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Abstract

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African Journal of Empirical Research

Most cited references 31

Nature’s hierarchical materials

How the Venus flytrap snaps.

Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread.

Author and article information

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Article

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Cited by 100

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