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      Preparación preoperatoria: la percepción de la persona que se somete a una cirugía programada Translated title: Preoperative preparation: perceptions of elective surgery patients

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo principal: Conocer la percepción de la persona sometida a una cirugía general programada sobre su preparación preoperatoria. Método: Estudio cualitativo y exploratorio. Se realizaron diez entrevistas semiestructuradas con personas que se habían sometido a una cirugía general programada en los últimos seis meses en un hospital universitario de la región central de Portugal. Para analizar los datos se utilizó la técnica del análisis de contenido. Resultados principales: Surgieron cinco unidades temáticas, percepción de la experiencia quirúrgica, sentimientos/emociones percibidas, necesidades de información, expectativas sobre los cuidados de enfermería preoperatorios y perspectivas sobre la existencia de una consulta de enfermería, que se subdividieron en varias categorías y subcategorías. Conclusión principal: Algunas personas siguen viendo la experiencia quirúrgica como algo traumático y consideran el entorno quirúrgico como un generador de estrés. Este estudio refuerza la relevancia del personal de enfermería en la preparación de las personas en situaciones perioperatorias y puede proporcionar importantes contribuciones a la estructuración de una consulta de enfermería.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: This study aimed to identify elective surgery patients' perceptions of their preoperative preparation. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory study was carried out. Ten semi-structured audio-recorded interviews were conducted with people who had undergone elective general surgery in the last six months at a university hospital in central Portugal. The content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. Results: Five thematic units emerged: perception of the surgical experience, perceived feelings/emotions, information needs, expectations towards preoperative nursing care, and perspectives on the existence of a nursing consultation. They were subdivided into several categories and subcategories. Conclusions: Surgery is still considered a traumatic experience, and the surgical environment causes stress. This study reinforces the relevance of nurses in the preoperative preparation of patients and can contribute considerably to structuring a nursing consultation.

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          Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups.

          Qualitative research explores complex phenomena encountered by clinicians, health care providers, policy makers and consumers. Although partial checklists are available, no consolidated reporting framework exists for any type of qualitative design. To develop a checklist for explicit and comprehensive reporting of qualitative studies (in depth interviews and focus groups). We performed a comprehensive search in Cochrane and Campbell Protocols, Medline, CINAHL, systematic reviews of qualitative studies, author or reviewer guidelines of major medical journals and reference lists of relevant publications for existing checklists used to assess qualitative studies. Seventy-six items from 22 checklists were compiled into a comprehensive list. All items were grouped into three domains: (i) research team and reflexivity, (ii) study design and (iii) data analysis and reporting. Duplicate items and those that were ambiguous, too broadly defined and impractical to assess were removed. Items most frequently included in the checklists related to sampling method, setting for data collection, method of data collection, respondent validation of findings, method of recording data, description of the derivation of themes and inclusion of supporting quotations. We grouped all items into three domains: (i) research team and reflexivity, (ii) study design and (iii) data analysis and reporting. The criteria included in COREQ, a 32-item checklist, can help researchers to report important aspects of the research team, study methods, context of the study, findings, analysis and interpretations.
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            Transitions Theory: middle range and situation-specific theories in nursing research and practice

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              The role of the nurse and the preoperative assessment in patient transitions.

              Transitions in care in the perioperative environment are numerous and should be considered high-risk endeavors. The preoperative area is the first transition in care for a surgical patient and should be considered a critical dimension of care transition. The purposes of this study were to identify nursing's contributions to transitions in care in the perioperative environment and to identify the role of the preoperative assessment in this transition. Qualitative descriptive design was used. Focus groups were conducted with 24 nurses in a 975-bed medical center. The themes that arose in the focus groups were: (1) understanding patient vulnerabilities, (2) multidimensional communication, (3) managing patients' expectations, and (4) nursing's role in compensating for gaps. We conclude that the nurse's role in the preoperative assessment during the transition of preoperative care is that of advocate who identifies the patient's needs and risk factors that may be affected by the surgical experience. This study suggests that the nursing preoperative assessment can be useful in identifying and defining patients' risk factors not just for surgery, but for the entire perioperative care trajectory.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                index
                Index de Enfermería
                Index Enferm
                Fundación Index (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                1132-1296
                1699-5988
                June 2023
                : 32
                : 2
                : e14318
                Affiliations
                [1] Oporto orgnameUniversidade do Porto orgdiv1Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Abel Salazar Portugal
                [2] Coímbra orgnameEscuela Superior de Enfermería de Coímbra orgdiv1Unidad de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud: Enfermería Portugal
                [4] Oporto orgnameEscuela Superior de Enfermería de Oporto Portugal
                [3] orgnameInstituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo orgdiv1Escuela Superior de Salud de Viana do Castelo Portugal
                Article
                S1132-12962023000200003 S1132-1296(23)03200200003
                10.58807/indexenferm20235773
                aea7ecda-714c-46a8-b32b-2e3aa8a17597

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 November 2022
                : 09 January 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Enfermería perioperatoria,General surgery,Preoperative care,Perioperative nursing,Cirugía general,Cuidados preoperatorios

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