For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
65
views
153
references
 Top references
cited by
4
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      437
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Interactions of Gastrointestinal Peptides: Ghrelin and Its Anorexigenic Antagonists

      review-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis are strongly regulated by a complex system of humoral factors and nerval structures constituting the brain-gut-axis. To date the only known peripherally produced and centrally acting peptide that stimulates food intake is ghrelin, which is mainly synthesized in the stomach. Recent data indicate that the orexigenic effect of ghrelin might be influenced by other gastrointestinal peptides such as cholecystokinin (CCK), bombesin, desacyl ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), as well as glucagon-like peptide (GLP). Therefore, we will review on the interactions of ghrelin with several gastrointestinal factors known to be involved in appetite regulation in order to elucidate the interdependency of peripheral orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in the control of appetite.

          Related collections

          Most cited references153

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of insulin reduces food intake and body weight of baboons.

          S C Woods, E Lotter, L McKay … (1979)
          Article 0 comments Cited 171 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin.

            A Asakawa, A. Inui, T Kaga … (2001)
            : Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor, was recently identified in the rat stomach. We examined the effects of the gastric peptide ghrelin on energy balance in association with leptin and vagal nerve activity. : Food intake, oxygen consumption, gastric emptying, and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) messenger RNA expression were measured after intra-third cerebroventricular or intraperitoneal injections of ghrelin in mice. The gastric vagal nerve activity was recorded after intravenous administration in rats. Gastric ghrelin gene expression was assessed by Northern blot analysis. Repeated coadministration of ghrelin and interleukin (IL)-1 beta was continued for 5 days. : Ghrelin exhibited gastroprokinetic activity with structural resemblance to motilin and potent orexigenic activity through action on the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Y(1) receptor, which was lost after vagotomy. Ghrelin decreased gastric vagal afferent discharge in contrast to other anorexigenic peptides that increased the activity. Ghrelin gene expression in the stomach was increased by fasting and in ob/ob mice, and was decreased by administration of leptin and IL-1 beta. Peripherally administered ghrelin blocked IL-1 beta-induced anorexia and produced positive energy balance by promoting food intake and decreasing energy expenditure. : Ghrelin, which is negatively regulated by leptin and IL-1 beta, is secreted by the stomach and increases arcuate NPY expression, which in turn acts through Y(1) receptors to increase food intake and decrease energy expenditure. Gastric peptide ghrelin may thus function as part of the orexigenic pathway downstream from leptin and is a potential therapeutic target not only for obesity but also for anorexia and cachexia.
            Article 0 comments Cited 165 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36: a physiological incretin in man.

              B Kreymann, G. Williams, M A Ghatei … (1987)
              The physiological role of glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36 amide (GLP-1 7-36) in man was investigated. GLP-1 7-36-like immunoreactivity was found in the human bowel; its circulating level rose after oral glucose and after a test breakfast. When it was infused into seven volunteers at a rate to mimic its postprandial plasma concentration in the fasting state, plasma insulin levels rose significantly and glucose and glucagon concentrations fell. During an intravenous glucose load, it greatly enhanced insulin release and significantly reduced peak plasma glucose concentrations, compared with a control saline infusion, even inducing postinfusion reactive hypoglycaemia. By comparison, infusion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) to physiological levels was less effective in stimulating insulin release. These observations suggest that GLP-1 7-36 is a physiological incretin and that it is more powerful than GIP. The observation of greatly increased postprandial plasma GLP-1 7-36 levels in patients with postgastrectomy dumping syndrome suggests that it may mediate the hyperinsulinaemia and reactive hypoglycaemia of this disorder.
              Article 0 comments Cited 162 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Pept
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPEP
                Title: International Journal of Peptides
                Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                ISSN (Print): 1687-9767
                ISSN (Electronic): 1687-9775
                Publication date (Print): 2010
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 January 2010
                Volume: 2010
                Electronic Location Identifier: 817457
                Affiliations
                1Division Hepatology, Gastroenterology, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow, 13353 Berlin, Germany
                2Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Martin-Luther-Hospital, 14193 Berlin, Germany
                3Division Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Department of Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Akio Inui

                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2010/817457
                PMC ID: 2925274
                PubMed ID: 20798884
                SO-VID: aec3d60f-a204-4ee3-abcf-132dee5947db
                Copyright © Copyright © 2010 Anna-Sophia Wisser et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 13 August 2009
                Date revision received : 13 October 2009
                Date accepted : 19 October 2009
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biochemistry
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biochemistry

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content437

                See all similar

                Cited by4

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors2,277

                See all reference authors