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      Tratamiento quirúrgico de aneurisma de aorta abdominal en paciente con riñón único de localización pélvica Translated title: Surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm with solitary pelvic kidney

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: la presencia de riñón pélvico constituye una variante anatómica con escasa incidencia en la población general, y es todavía más infrecuente su asociación con aneurismas de aorta abdominal (AAA). Caso clínico: varón de 69 años con insuficiencia renal estadio 4, remitido por hallazgo ecográfico de AAA. La angioTC muestra un AAA de 56 mm de diámetro máximo con riñón único de localización pélvica, cuya arteria renal única surge de la bifurcación aórtica. El paciente se sometió a tratamiento quirúrgico de forma programada. Se realizó un bypass aortobiiliaco y bypass desde la rama derecha del injerto a la arteria renal con vena safena interna invertida. Como técnica de protección renal se administró manitol intravenoso previamente al clampaje renal y se realizó en primer lugar la anastomosis de la vena safena interna con la arteria renal para así infundir solución salina fría durante el tiempo de isquemia. El posoperatorio transcurrió sin incidencias exceptuando un discreto deterioro de la función renal que se resolvió mediante tratamiento médico. Discusión: el riñón pélvico implica un desafío en el tratamiento de la patología aórtica aneurismática asociada. Por un lado, supone una limitación a la hora de efectuar tratamientos endovasculares y por otro, la necesidad de minimizar el tiempo de isquemia renal durante el clampaje puede aumentar significativamente la complejidad del tratamiento quirúrgico.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: pelvic kidney is an anatomical variant with minimal incidence in the general population; its association with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is even more infrequent. Case report: a 69-year-old man with stage 4 renal failure, was referred due to an ultrasound finding of AAA. CT angiography shows a 56-mm AAA with a single pelvic kidney whose single renal artery arises from the aortic bifurcation. The patient underwent elective surgical treatment. An aorto-biiliac bypass and a bypass from the right branch of the graft to the renal artery with inverted great saphenous vein (GSV) were performed. The renal protection techniques consist on administrating intravenous mannitol prior to renal clamping and to perform the anastomosis of the GSV with the renal artery in first place in order to infuse cold saline solution during the time of ischemia. The postoperative period was uneventful except for a slight deterioration in renal function that was resolved with medical treatment. Discussion: the presence of a pelvic kidney in the treatment of aneurysmal aortic pathology can be challenging. On the one hand, it represents a limitation to endovascular techniques and on the other hand, the need to minimize the time of renal ischemia during clamping can significantly increase the complexity of the surgical treatment.

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          Most cited references7

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          Aortoiliac aneurysm with congenital right pelvic kidney.

          The association of congenital pelvic kidney with abdominal aortoiliac aneurysm is an extremely rare clinical finding. Previous reports have described various methods of aneurysm repair with successful preservation of the function of pelvic kidney. However, to our knowledge, reconstruction of more than two renal arteries has not been established. We report a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated by congenital right pelvic kidney in a 72-year-old man. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an abdominal aortic aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 54 mm and a right common iliac aneurysm of 45 mm. In addition, he had a congenital right pelvic kidney and CT angiography identified three right pelvic renal arteries. The upper artery originated from the bifurcation of the terminal aorta and the lower two originated from the right common iliac artery. Three-dimensional CT was helpful for the accurate planning of the operation. Open surgical repair of the aortoiliac aneurysm with a Dacron bifurcated graft replacement was decided and reimplantation of all three right pelvic kidney arteries to the right limb of the graft was also performed. For renal preservation, the right pelvic kidney arteries were perfused with cold Ringer's lactate using a rapid infusion pump and coronary perfusion cannula. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and worsening of renal function was not observed. The perfusion of renal arteries with cold Ringer's solution was thought to be a simple and appropriate procedure for renal protection.
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            Renal anomalies in aortic surgery: Contemporary results

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              Customised stent graft for complex thoraco-abdominal aneurysm associated with congenital pelvic kidney.

              The association of aortic aneurysm with congenital pelvic kidney is an uncommon condition and has been described in association with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) open repairs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                angiologia
                Angiología
                Angiología
                Arán Ediciones S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0003-3170
                1695-2987
                December 2021
                : 73
                : 6
                : 292-295
                Affiliations
                [1] Valencia orgnameHospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia orgdiv1Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular orgdiv2Servicio de Angiología España
                Article
                S0003-31702021000600292 S0003-3170(21)07300600292
                10.20960/angiologia.00312
                af03986d-61a7-436e-b0a8-e44bf9c7a189

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 April 2021
                : 19 April 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 7, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Casos Clínicos

                Isquemia renal,Riñón pélvico,Aneurisma de aorta abdominal,Renal ischemia,Congenital pelvic kidney,Abdominal aortic aneurysm

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