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      An exploratory survey of money boys and HIV transmission risk in Jilin Province, PR China

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          Abstract

          This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge. In spite of this level of knowledge, none of the participants reported always using a condom in their sexual activities. They also exhibited a high level of awareness of voluntary counseling and testing available in the province, yet relatively few had availed themselves of these services. These preliminary findings will be used as a baseline and springboard for continuing study in the Jilin Province money boy community. Even now, however, it is becoming clear that the dynamics of male commercial sex work may vary greatly depending upon local influences, and will necessitate that future interventions are highly tailored to area-specific circumstances.

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          Meta-analysis: prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in China.

          The prevalence of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases is rapidly rising among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. The aim is to systematically review the published studies and summarise the estimates of HIV prevalence among MSM in China. Published articles, both in English and in Chinese, on HIV prevalence among MSM in China until 15 September 2008 were systematically reviewed. Meta-analysis was used to quantitatively summarise the estimates, and the prevalence of syphilis presented in the included studies was also analysed. Twenty-six eligible studies, published during 2001-2008, were included in this review. Their results were frequently heterogeneous. The meta-analyses showed that MSM form a high-risk population for HIV infection in China with a summary prevalence of 2.5% (95% CI 0.9% to 3.3%). A much higher prevalence of syphilis (9.1%) may indicate a potential of more severe HIV epidemic in the future because of their common high-risk behaviours. MSM are a high-risk population for HIV infection in China. An effective strategy for prevention and control is required for this specific population. Differences between sampling methods, sample sizes and study locations may explain some of the inconsistencies found in the included studies.
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            MSM and HIV/AIDS in China.

            This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM (men who have sex with men) and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition, majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly contribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.
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              Prevalence of bisexual behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China and associations between condom use in MSM and heterosexual behaviors.

              This study investigated the prevalence of bisexual behaviors and marital status among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) and the associations between MSM's condom use and their heterosexual behaviors. Eight hundred ninety-six adult males in Yunnan Province, China, who reported to ever have engaged in MSM behaviors were interviewed. Data were acquired through the China-UK HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Project from 2003 to 2006. Of all respondents, one-third had ever been married, 59% had ever engaged in bisexual behaviors, and 31% had done so in the past 6 months. High prevalence of inconsistent condom use was reported in heterosexual behaviors (71.9%), as well as with those who had engaged in MSM sexual behaviors in the past 6 months (30.8% with commercial sex workers and 54.7% with noncommercial sex partners) in the past 6 months. Those who did not use condoms with MSM partners were also more likely than others to not use condoms with their female sex partners (FSP). Those who had voluntary counseling and testing services were more likely than others to have used a condom in the last episode of sex with their FSP (multivariate odds ratio = 1.66). The clustering of unprotected sexual behaviors with male and FSP among bisexual MSM is revealed. The bridging effects of the risk for human immunodeficiency virus transmission from the MSM population to the female population are evident.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                AIDS Res Ther
                AIDS Research and Therapy
                BioMed Central
                1742-6405
                2010
                17 June 2010
                : 7
                : 17
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Changchun, China
                [2 ]Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, Indiana, USA
                [3 ]National Center for STD & AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
                [4 ]The Institute for Dermatosis Prevention and Control, Harbin, China
                [5 ]Jilin Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Changchun, China
                Article
                1742-6405-7-17
                10.1186/1742-6405-7-17
                2898659
                20565763
                af1315cf-fb44-46b3-83ff-adc199b9ddfa
                Copyright ©2010 Meng et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 6 April 2010
                : 17 June 2010
                Categories
                Short Report

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Infectious disease & Microbiology

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