Steroidal saponins from fruits of Tribulus terrestris

Abstract

Further studies on the constituents of the fruits of Tribulus terrestris led to the isolation of five new steroidal saponins (terrestrosin A-E), (25R,S)-5 alpha-spirostan-3 beta-ol-3 -O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-2)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside, (25R,S)-5 alpha-spirostan-3 beta-ol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-[alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl(1-2)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside, (25R,S)-5 alpha-spirostan-12-on-3 beta-ol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl (1-2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside, hecogenin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)1-2)-[beta-D- xylopyranosyl(1-3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside and (25R,S)-5 alpha-spirostane-2 alpha, 3 beta-diol-3- O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)-beta-D- galactopyranoside, together with five known steroidal saponins, desgalactotigonin, F-gitonin, desglucolanatigonin, gitonin and tigogenin 3-O-beta-D- xylopyranosyl)1-2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl)1-3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)1-4 )- [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-2)]-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The structures of the new saponins were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional NMR techniques, and chemical reactions.