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      Three-Dimensional Slope Imaging Method for Ground-Based Real-Aperture Radar

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          Abstract

          Traditional two-dimensional radar images can only reflect the target azimuth and slant range and thus suffer problems of geometric deformation and overlapping. The unique three-dimensional (3D) imaging capability of ground-based real-aperture radar can more accurately and directly achieve correlation between the radar image and the slope monitoring scenarios, thus providing reliable information for the early warning and forecasting of landslides and collapse disasters. The latest method of selecting a slope target from a high-resolution range profile includes two indexes: maximum amplitude and coherence, which will affect the accuracy of displacement measurement when there is an interference target. We present a three-dimensional slope imaging method based on smoothness constraints. On the basis of the latest method, the objective fact of the practically smooth and continuous distribution of slope surfaces is considered. This method can be used for image interpretation on strongly scattered targets within the slope. The independently developed ground-based real-aperture slope radar system was deployed in the Heidaigou Open-Pit Coal Mine in Inner Mongolia to carry out 3D slope imaging experiments. The effectiveness of this method in slope monitoring and imaging was confirmed by comparing the surface roughness and the spatial positions of the targets with the high-density point cloud data in the projective plane obtained during the same time period. We used RMSE function and roughness as two measures. It shows that the method presented in this paper is more suitable for actual three-dimensional slope imaging.

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          Most cited references26

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          Synthetic aperture radar interferometry

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            Penalized triograms: total variation regularization for bivariate smoothing

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              Combination of GNSS, satellite InSAR, and GBInSAR remote sensing monitoring to improve the understanding of a large landslide in high alpine environment

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                sensors
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                MDPI
                1424-8220
                18 May 2021
                May 2021
                : 21
                : 10
                : 3511
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; zhstrive@ 123456student.cumtb.edu.cn (H.Z.); yangf@ 123456cumtb.edu.cn (F.Y.); tbp150404024@ 123456student.cumtb.edu.cn (Y.S.)
                [2 ]China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China; maht@ 123456chinasafety.ac.cn (H.M.); yuzx@ 123456chinasafety.ac.cn (Z.Y.)
                [3 ]School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; zhengxt@ 123456hhu.edu.cn
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: yangxl@ 123456chinasafety.ac.cn ; Tel.: +86-138-1180-6416
                Article
                sensors-21-03511
                10.3390/s21103511
                8157850
                af5e94fb-b393-4c55-a48d-1cb4bef5e9f0
                © 2021 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 08 April 2021
                : 14 May 2021
                Categories
                Communication

                Biomedical engineering
                slope monitoring,ground-based real-aperture radar,smoothness constraint,three-dimensional imaging

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