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      Cumplimiento del tratamiento antibiótico en niños en Atención Primaria Translated title: Antibiotic treatment compliance of children in Primary Care settings

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Conocer el cumplimiento terapéutico en niños a los que se prescribe tratamiento antibiótico e identificar los factores relacionados con el incumplimiento. Diseño del estudio: Estudio descriptivo observacional. Emplazamiento: Consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria. Participantes: Se evaluaron al cabo de una semana a 117 niños que recibieron tratamiento antibiótico en dos Zonas Básicas de Salud. Mediciones principales: Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, nacionalidad del niño y padres, nivel de estudios de los padres, estado civil de los padres, clase social de los padres), problemas de salud (clasificación CIAP-2), cumplimiento (cuestionario de Morisky-Green) y otras características relacionadas con el antibiótico prescrito y con los participantes. Resultados: La edad media fue de 4,8 años (DE: 3,3). El cumplimiento (Morisky-Green) no fue adecuado en el 55,6% (IC95%: 45,1-65,0%) de los pacientes. Los motivos más frecuentes para la administración incorrecta o abandono del tratamiento fueron: no despertar al niño (43,8%), mejoría (28,1%) y olvido de toma (13,8%). 14 pacientes (12,0%) presentaron algún efecto adverso. Las variables asociadas, mediante regresión logística, a incumplimiento del tratamiento antibiótico fueron: tener un padre con estudios secundarios o superiores (OR: 3,1; p=0,020), madre con estudios primarios o inferiores (OR: 3,3; p=0,010) y realizar 3 tomas de antibiótico diarias (OR: 5,2; p=0,012), quedando al borde de la significación haber asistido a consulta de pediatría en 2 o más ocasiones en el último mes (OR: 2,2; p=0,059). Conclusiones: Más de la mitad de los niños que toman antibióticos en Atención Primaria no cumple correctamente con el tratamiento prescrito. El nivel de estudios de los padres y el número de tomas al día se relacionan con el incumplimiento del tratamiento antibiótico, lo que se debería considerar al prescribir estos fármacos.

          Translated abstract

          Object: Collecting information about treatment compliance of children who have been prescribed antibiotics and identifying factors related to treatment noncompliance. Design of the study: Observational descriptive study. Setting: Primary Care Pediatric Outpatient Clinics. Participants: A group of 117 children under antibiotic treatment were assessed one week after prescription in two Basic Healthcare areas. Main measures: Several socio-demographic variables were studied: age, sex, child and parents' nationality, parents' educational level, marital status of parents and their social status. Health problems (ICPC-2 classification), treatment compliance (Morisky-Green questionnaire) and other characteristics in relation to the prescribed antibiotic and to the participants were also assessed. Results: The average age of participants was 4.8 years (SD: 3.3). Treatment compliance (Morisky-Green) was inadequate in 55.6% (CI95%: 45.1-65.0%) of patients. The most frequent reasons for incorrect administration or treatment discontinuation were: not waking up the child (43.8%), improved condition (28.1%) and forgetting administration (13.8%). Fourteen patients (12.0%) presented adverse effects. The associated variables, by logistic regression, to antibiotic treatment noncompliance were: having one of the parents with secondary or higher studies (OR: 3.1; p=0.020), mother with primary education or lower (OR: 3.3; p=0.010) and antibiotic administration in three daily doses (OR:5.2; p=0.012). The variable "two or more visits to the pediatric clinic in the last month" bordered on statistical significance (OR: 2.2; p=0.059). Conclusions: More than half of the children with antibiotic treatment in Primary Care do not comply correctly with the prescribed therapy. The parents' level of studies and the number of daily doses are related to noncompliance with antibiotic treatment, factors which should be considered when those medicines are prescribed.

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          Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action.

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            A systematic review and meta-analysis of misuse of antibiotic therapies in the community.

            Misuse of antibiotic therapy can have a profound negative impact both on individuals and on the community. The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of antibiotic misuse in terms of non-compliance with therapy or reuse of leftover antibiotics in the community. Of 2848 screened articles, 46 contained the required information on the number of participants, the number compliant/using leftovers and the measurement technique. Mean compliance with antibiotics was 62.2% (95% confidence interval (CI), 56.4-68.0%) and mean use of leftover antibiotics was 28.6% (95% CI, 21.8-35.4%). Although variation in the methods resulted in substantial heterogeneity in the estimates, results were generally consistent by region and measurement technique. Patient education and simpler antibiotic regimens should be encouraged to promote responsible use of antibiotic therapy.
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              Adherence to long term therapies: evidence for action

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                albacete
                Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia
                Rev Clin Med Fam
                Sociedad Castellano-Manchega de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria (Albacete )
                1699-695X
                February 2014
                : 7
                : 1
                : 32-38
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha Spain
                [2 ] Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha Spain
                [3 ] Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha Spain
                [4 ] Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha Spain
                Article
                S1699-695X2014000100005
                10.4321/S1699-695X2014000100005
                afafd42c-f331-42b4-86e2-dd1bfa2686c0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
                PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

                Internal medicine,Health & Social care
                Medication Adherence,Anti-Bacterial Agents,Primary Health Care,Cumplimiento de la Medicación,Antibióticos,Atención Primaria de Salud

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