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      O uso de sistemas agroflorestais diversificados na restauração florestal na Mata Atlântica Translated title: Agroforestry system used for restoration at the Atlantic Forest

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          Abstract

          Resumo Com a nova legislação ambiental brasileira vislumbra-se a possibilidade do uso de sistemas agroflorestais diversificados para recompor áreas de preservação permanente e reserva legal, principalmente em pequenas propriedades rurais. Uma pergunta que surge, diz respeito à capacidade desses sistemas em reduzir custos na restauração florestal e, ao mesmo tempo apresentar eficiência ecológica similar aos plantios em que se faz uso exclusivo de espécies nativas do bioma em questão. Buscando a resposta avaliou-se nesse estudo um sistema agroflorestal implantado em 2005, em Seropédica - RJ, que tinha o objetivo de interligar dois fragmentos florestais ali existentes. Desde então foram feitas avaliações da serapilheira, micro e mesofauna do solo desse “corredor agroflorestal” na interligação desses fragmentos. Os resultados indicaram que a quantidade e a qualidade da fauna do solo e fungos micorrízicos foram favorecidos pelo sistema agroflorestal em comparação à matriz de pastagem, mas tanto a riqueza, quanto a abundância ainda se encontram em níveis inferiores aos fragmentos florestais interligados. A pastagem próxima ao sistema agroflorestal vem se beneficiando da melhoria ambiental ali existente, criando um “efeito de borda positivo”, situação bem distinta da pastagem que se encontrava mais distante da área de influência do corredor agroflorestal. Para os indicadores utilizados, o sistema agroflorestal foi eficiente.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The Brazilian new environmental law permits the use of agroforestry systems to restore degraded areas protected by legislation, especially in small farms. One question that arises is if it is possible to reduce costs of the restoration process with these agroforestry systems and, at the same time, to offer ecological services, similar to afforestation with the exclusive use of native species of the Atlantic Forest biome. Seeking results to proof the effectivity, an agroforestry system established in 2005, at Seropédica, RJ state, with the objective of connecting two forest fragments, went through a series of evaluations realized on the ecological effectiveness on the connection of these fragments. The results indicated that the quantity and quality of soil fauna and mycorrhizal fungi obtained benefits by the agroforestry system in comparison to the pasture matrix but are still at lower levels than the forest fragments. Pasture near the agroforestry system has benefited from the environmental improvement there, originated from a “positive edge effect”, a situation quite different from the pasture that was farther from the area of influence of the agroforestry corridor. For the indicators used, the agroforestry system was efficient.

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          A rapid centrifugal-floration technibique for separating nematodes from soil.

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            Advances in Glomeromycota taxonomy and classification

            Concomitant morphological and molecular analyses have led to major breakthroughs in the taxonomic organization of the phylum Glomeromycota. Fungi in this phylum are known to form arbuscular mycorrhiza, and so far three classes, five orders, 14 families and 29 genera have been described. Sensu lato, spore formation in 10 of the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming genera is exclusively glomoid, one is gigasporoid, seven are scutellosporoid, four are entrophosporoid, two are acaulosporoid, and one is pacisporoid. Spore bimorphism is found in three genera, and one genus is associated with cyanobacteria. Here we present the current classification developed in several recent publications and provide a summary to facilitate the identification of taxa from genus to class level.
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              Communicating clearly about conservation corridors

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cflo
                Ciência Florestal
                Ciênc. Florest.
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil )
                0103-9954
                1980-5098
                June 2019
                : 29
                : 2
                : 632-648
                Affiliations
                [1] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Departamento de Ecologia orgdiv2Laboratório de Biogeografia da Conservação Brazil elinematosmartins@ 123456gmail.com
                [4] São Luís Maranhão orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Maranhão Brazil camilaenobre@ 123456yahoo.com.br
                [3] Seropédica Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Brazil sandra.biologa@ 123456hotmail.com
                [2] Seropédica Rio de Janeiro orgnameEmbrapa Agrobiologia Brazil eliane.silva@ 123456embrapa.br
                [5] Seropédica Rio de Janeiro orgnameEmbrapa Agrobiologia Brazil elizabeth.correia@ 123456embrapa.br
                Article
                S1980-50982019000200632
                10.5902/1980509829050
                afb3a682-04eb-49a6-aca8-b70f72247340

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 September 2018
                : 14 September 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                Agroforesty corridor,Fragmentation,Ecological indicators,Corredor agroflorestal,Fragmentação,Indicadores ecológicos

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