Liberação artroscópica do nervo supraescapular: técnica cirúrgica e avaliação de casos clínicos

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Abstract

OBJETIVO: Descrever uma técnica cirúrgica própria de descompressão artroscópica do nervo supraescapular (NSE) e avaliar seus resultados preliminares. MÉTODOS: 10 ombros de nove pacientes foram operados com uma técnica que utiliza portais diferentes das técnicas conhecidas, não usa tração e faz uso de materiais disponíveis na rede pública de saúde. RESULTADOS: 10 ombros de nove pacientes, sendo oito à direita e dois à esquerda, com média de idade de 69,5 anos, apresentaram mudança no escore UCLA de 11,7 para 26,1 no seguimento de 16,6 meses de pós-operatório. O questionário SF-36 teve pontuação de 122,9 e a escala bruta de dor de 88%. CONCLUSÃO: A descompressão artroscópica do NSE, segundo a técnica descrita, é reprodutível e menos traumática que as técnicas abertas. Os pacientes obtiveram melhora em vários parâmetros avaliados, principalmente no que se refere à dor. A descompressão artroscópica do NSE pode ser uma opção terapêutica para a patologia compressiva do NSE.

Translated abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe a specific surgical technique for arthroscopic decompression of the suprascapular nerve (SSN) and evaluate its preliminary results. METHODS: Ten shoulders of nine patients were operated using a technique with portals differing from the already-known techniques, which did not use traction and made use of materials available within the public healthcare system. RESULTS: Among the ten shoulders of nine patients, eight were right shoulders and two were left shoulders. The mean age was 69.5 years. The UCLA score increased from 11.7 to 26.1 points over the postoperative follow-up of 16.6 months. The SF-36 questionnaire score was 122.9 and the raw pain scale value was 88%. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic decompression of the SSN in accordance with the described technique is reproducible and less traumatic than the open techniques. The patients achieved improvements in many of the parameters evaluated, particularly with regard to pain. Arthroscopic decompression of the SSN may be a therapeutic option for pathological compression of the SSN.

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Most cited references 26

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Arthroscopic release of suprascapular nerve entrapment at the suprascapular notch: technique and preliminary results.

Laurent Lafosse, Andrea Tomasi, Steve Corbett … (2007)

We describe a novel all-arthroscopic technique for suprascapular nerve (SSN) decompression and present our preliminary results for this procedure. A prospective series of 10 patients with preoperative electromyographic findings consistent with chronic SSN compression, posterior shoulder pain, and subjective weakness were treated with arthroscopic SSN decompression. There were 8 men and 2 women, with a mean age of 50 years. The mean follow-up was 15 months (range, 6 to 27 months). In 8 of 10 patients, we performed an electromyographic examination postoperatively to evaluate nerve recovery after decompression. The clinical outcomes measures used to assess preoperative and postoperative function were the visual analog scale for pain, the Constant score, strength testing of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, and a subjective satisfaction questionnaire. In all patients preoperative and postoperative computed tomography arthrograms were obtained to document the absence of a rotator cuff tear. There were no complications resulting from SSN decompression. Of 10 patients, 8 had postoperative electromyography at a mean of 6 months after SSN release and 2 refused to undergo this study after surgery. Of the 8 postoperative electromyograms, 7 had complete normalization of the latency in the motor fibers of the SSN and normalization of the voluntary motor action potential for the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. Two of the electromyograms showed evidence of partial recovery. The preoperative and postoperative Constant scores for these patients were 60.3 and 83.4, respectively (P < .001). All patients returned to their normal work and sports activity at a mean of 3 weeks (range, 2 days to 3 months). The abduction and external rotation strength also significantly improved. At the time of last follow-up, 9 patients graded their clinical outcome as excellent and responded that they had complete relief of pain. One of the study subjects reported a satisfactory result with moderate relief of pain. Arthroscopic release of the SSN can be performed safely and effectively. All of the patients in this preliminary study had improvement in their postoperative electromyographic findings and had marked improvement in pain relief and function. Level IV, therapeutic case series.