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      Función Suprarrenal en Pacientes con Síndrome Bronquial Obstructivo Tratados con Corticoides Sistémicos (Informe Preliminar) Translated title: Adrenal Function in Patients with Acute Bronchial Obstruction Treated with Systemic Corticosteroids: A Preliminary Report

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Los corticoides sistémicos son ampliamente utilizados en pacientes con crisis bronquiales obstructivo (CBO). Se ha recomendado un máximo de 5 días para evitar efectos adversos. No ha sido evaluado si tratamientos por cursos cortos pueden suprimir el eje adrenal. Objetivo: Evaluar la función del eje hipotálamo hipófisis suprarrenal (HHS) mediante la prueba de microdosis de ACTH en pacientes con CBO que recibieron corticoides sistémicos entre 5 a 7 días. Diseño: Estudio observacional prospectivo realizado en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Católica de Chile. Prueba de ACTH con microdosis (1 mcg/1,73 m²). Se consideró como respuesta normal una respuesta de cortisol postestímulo > 20 mcg/dL. Resultados: Fueron reclutados 7 pacientes, mediana de edad de 4 años 4 meses (rango 4 meses a 8 años). Los resultados fueron obtenidos con una mediana de 72 horas de suspendidos los corticoides (prednisona). Todos los pacientes presentaban valores de cortisol basal normal promedio de 6,5 mcg/dl (rango 1 a 9 mcg/dl). La respuesta de cortisol postestímulo fue de 13,6 mcg/dL (3,7 a 20 mcg/ dL), cinco de los 7 pacientes presentaron respuesta anormal. Conclusiones: La respuesta adrenal puede estar disminuida en pacientes que usan corticoides sistémicos por cursos cortos por CBO.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: Systemic corticosteroids are widely used in patients with acute bronchial obstruction (ABO). It has been recommended that such treatment last a maximum of 5 days to avoid adverse effects. Suppression of the adrenal axis under these conditions among children has not been evaluated. Objective: Assessment of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HHS) function after use of systemic steriods in children after a 5-7 day use of corticoids, utilizing the micro ACTH test. Method: Prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universidad Católica de Chile. ACTH test used with microdosis (1 mcg/1.73 m²). A normal response was determined if cortisol post-ACTH > 20 mcg/dL. Results: 7 patients were recruited, median age was 4 years 4 months (range 4 months to 8 years). The test was perfomed within an average of 72 hours after discontinuation of prednisone. All patients had normal basal cortisol values, with an average value of 6.5 mcg/dl, range 1 to 9 mcg/dl. The ACTH test yielded a response of cortisol levels with an average value of 13.6 mcg/dL and a range of 3.7 to 20 mcg/dL. Five of the 7 patients presented an abnormal response. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the adrenal response may be reduced in children who have been treated with systemic steroids for ABO even if managed during short periods of time.

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          Most cited references38

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          How do corticosteroids work in asthma?

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            Adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: effects of basal cortisol level, time of day, and suggested new sensitive low dose test.

            Adrenal response to iv administration of 1-24 ACTH (250 micrograms) was examined in normal volunteers under various conditions. The effect of basal cortisol levels was examined by performing the tests at 0800 h with and without pretreatment with dexamethasone. The effect of time of day was evaluated by performing the tests at 0800 h and at 1600 h, eliminating possible basal cortisol influence by pretreatment with dexamethasone. In the first set of tests, despite significantly different baseline levels, 30-min cortisol levels were not different (618 +/- 50 vs. 590 +/- 52 nmol/L). Afternoon cortisol levels in response to ACTH were found to be significantly higher than morning levels at 5 min (254 +/- 50 vs. 144 +/- 36 nmol/L, p less than 0.01) and at 15 min (541 +/- 61 vs. 433 +/- 52 nmol/L, p less than 0.02). This difference in response was no longer notable at 30 min (629 +/- 52 and 591 +/- 52 nmol/L). We tried also to determine the lowest ACTH dose which will elicit a maximal cortisol response. No difference was found in cortisol levels at 30 and 60 min in response to 250 and 5 micrograms 1-24 ACTH. Using 1 micrograms ACTH, the 30-min response did not differ from that to 250 micrograms (704 +/- 72 vs. 718 +/- 55 nmol/L, respectively). However, the 60-min response to 1 microgram was significantly lower (549 +/- 61 vs. 842 +/- 110 nmol/L, p less than 0.01). Using this low dose ACTH test (1 microgram, measuring 30-min cortisol level), we were able to develop a much more sensitive ACTH test, which enabled us to differentiate a subgroup of patients on long-term steroid treatment who responded normally to the regular 250 micrograms test, but had a reduced response to 1 microgram. The stability of 1-24 ACTH in saline solution, kept at 4 C, was checked. ACTH was found to be fully stable after 2 hs in a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml in glass tube and 0.5 micrograms/ml in plastic tube. It was also found to be fully stable, both immunologically and biologically, for 4 months, under these conditions. We conclude that the 30-min cortisol response to ACTH is constant, unrelated to basal cortisol level or time of day. It is therefore the best criterion for measuring adrenal response in the short ACTH test. The higher afternoon responses at 5 and 15 min suggest greater adrenal sensitivity in the afternoon, but further studies are needed to clarify this issue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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              Inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma.

              P J Barnes (1995)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcp
                Revista chilena de pediatría
                Rev. chil. pediatr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (Santiago, , Chile )
                0370-4106
                August 2009
                : 80
                : 4
                : 347-353
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Unidad de Respirología orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatría Chile
                [01] orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile
                [03] orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Unidad Endocrinología orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatría Chile
                Article
                S0370-41062009000400006 S0370-4106(09)08000406
                10.4067/S0370-41062009000400006
                b065fff6-7db6-4fa7-9e07-3e671a08d09e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 March 2009
                : 08 June 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                síndrome bronquial obstructivo,acute bronchial obstruction,corticosteroids,Función adrenal,corticoides,Adrenal function

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