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      Antibody-Based Sensors: Principles, Problems and Potential for Detection of Pathogens and Associated Toxins

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          Abstract

          Antibody-based sensors permit the rapid and sensitive analysis of a range of pathogens and associated toxins. A critical assessment of the implementation of such formats is provided, with reference to their principles, problems and potential for ‘on-site’ analysis. Particular emphasis is placed on the detection of foodborne bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes, and additional examples relating to the monitoring of fungal pathogens, viruses, mycotoxins, marine toxins and parasites are also provided.

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          Fungal secondary metabolism - from biochemistry to genomics.

          Nancy Keller, Geoffrey Turner, Joan W. Bennett (2005)
          Much of natural product chemistry concerns a group of compounds known as secondary metabolites. These low-molecular-weight metabolites often have potent physiological activities. Digitalis, morphine and quinine are plant secondary metabolites, whereas penicillin, cephalosporin, ergotrate and the statins are equally well known fungal secondary metabolites. Although chemically diverse, all secondary metabolites are produced by a few common biosynthetic pathways, often in conjunction with morphological development. Recent advances in molecular biology, bioinformatics and comparative genomics have revealed that the genes encoding specific fungal secondary metabolites are clustered and often located near telomeres. In this review, we address some important questions, including which evolutionary pressures led to gene clustering, why closely related species produce different profiles of secondary metabolites, and whether fungal genomics will accelerate the discovery of new pharmacologically active natural products.
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            Printing proteins as microarrays for high-throughput function determination.

            S L Schreiber, G MacBeath (2000)
            Systematic efforts are currently under way to construct defined sets of cloned genes for high-throughput expression and purification of recombinant proteins. To facilitate subsequent studies of protein function, we have developed miniaturized assays that accommodate extremely low sample volumes and enable the rapid, simultaneous processing of thousands of proteins. A high-precision robot designed to manufacture complementary DNA microarrays was used to spot proteins onto chemically derivatized glass slides at extremely high spatial densities. The proteins attached covalently to the slide surface yet retained their ability to interact specifically with other proteins, or with small molecules, in solution. Three applications for protein microarrays were demonstrated: screening for protein-protein interactions, identifying the substrates of protein kinases, and identifying the protein targets of small molecules.
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              Advances in biosensors for detection of pathogens in food and water

              Paul Leonard, Stephen Hearty, Joanne Brennan … (2003)
              Article 0 comments Cited 85 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)
                Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
                ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220
                Publication date Collection: 2009
                Publication date (Electronic): 5 June 2009
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 4407-4445
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; E-Mail: Barry.Byrne@ 123456dcu.ie (B.B.)
                [2 ]National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; E-Mails: Edwina.Stack3@ 123456mail.dcu.ie (E.S.); Niamh.Gilmartin@ 123456dcu.ie (N.G.)
                [3 ]Biomedical Diagnostics Institute (BDI), Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
                Author notes
                [* ]Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Richard.OKennedy@ 123456dcu.ie ; Tel.: +353-1-700-5319; Fax: +353-1-700-5412
                Article
                Publisher ID: sensors-09-04407
                DOI: 10.3390/s90604407
                PMC ID: 3291918
                PubMed ID: 22408533
                SO-VID: b069b7a2-4f18-4030-b78b-fbb4b51454b3
                Copyright © © 2009 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.
                License:

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 7 April 2009
                Date revision received : 26 May 2009
                Date accepted : 26 May 2009
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: electrochemical,pathogen,assay development,biosensor,surface-plasmon resonance,antibody
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biomedical engineering
                Keywords: electrochemical, pathogen, assay development, biosensor, surface-plasmon resonance, antibody

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