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      Effects of Endolithic Boring on the Muscle Scar and Growth of PinkHaliotis corrugata(Gray 1828)

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          Ecosystem effects of ocean acidification in times of ocean warming: a physiologist’s view

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            Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification.

            The anthropogenic rise in atmospheric CO(2) is driving fundamental and unprecedented changes in the chemistry of the oceans. This has led to changes in the physiology of a wide variety of marine organisms and, consequently, the ecology of the ocean. This review explores recent advances in our understanding of ocean acidification with a particular emphasis on past changes to ocean chemistry and what they can tell us about present and future changes. We argue that ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years, emphasising the urgent need to adopt policies that drastically reduce CO(2) emissions. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Shell repair process in the green ormer Haliotis tuberculata: a histological and microstructural study.

              In the present paper, juvenile and adult shells of the green ormer Haliotis tuberculata ('Oreille de Saint-Pierre') were perforated in a zone close to the shell edge and the shell repair process was followed at two levels: (1) by observing the histology of the calcifying mantle in the repair zone and (2) by analyzing with SEM the microstructure of the shell repair zone. Histological data clearly show the presence of calcium carbonate granules into the connective tissues, but not in the epithelial cells. This suggests that calcium carbonate granules are synthesized by sub-epithelial cells and actively transported through the epithelium to the repair zone, via a process which may be similar to that described by Mount et al. [Mount, A.S., Wheeler, A.P., Paradkar, R.P., Snider, D., 2004. Hemocyte-mediated shell mineralization in the eastern oyster. Science 304, 297-300]. Furthermore, SEM observations show that the repair zone exhibits different stratified microstructures (spherulitic, thin prismatic, blocklike, sub-nacreous, nacreous, foliated-like), some of which are not continuous (i.e. lenticular) along the repair zone. This suggests a complex secreting regime of the calcifying mantle and an elaborate geometry of the epithelium involved in shell repair.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Shellfish Research
                Journal of Shellfish Research
                National Shellfisheries Association
                0730-8000
                August 2010
                August 2010
                : 29
                : 2
                : 449-454
                Article
                10.2983/035.029.0222
                b0917dc9-acc7-4acc-966b-6465c83c481d
                © 2010
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