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      Concordancia de métodos para susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis aisladas en Montería, Córdoba: tubo indicador de crecimiento micobacteriano vs. método de las proporciones múltiples Translated title: Agreement between methods for antimicrobial susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Montería, Córdoba: mycobacteria growth indicator tube vs. proportion method

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Evaluar la concordancia del método manual MGIT AST SIRE (mycobacteria growth indicator tube for antimicrobial susceptibility testing to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and streptomycin) frente al método de proporciones múltiples (PM) para determinar susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Métodos: Se analizaron 45 cepas de M. tuberculosis aisladas en la ciudad de Montería, entre 2003 y 2005, para susceptibilidad a (INH), rifampicina (RMP), etambutol (EMB) y estreptomicina (SM). El análisis de concordancia del método MGIT manual vs PM, se realizó con la prueba Kappa. Resultados: De las 45 cepas analizadas, 38 tuvieron idéntico resultado con ambos métodos y 7 tuvieron resultados discordantes. Los porcentajes globales de resistencia a drogas antituberculosas de las cepas analizadas por el MGIT manual y las PM fueron de 33.3% y 31.1%, respectivamente, la MDR fue 5 (11.1%) por PM y de 4 (8.8%) por MGIT manual. La concordancia del MGIT AST SIRE con el PM fue 95.5% para cada una de las drogas analizadas y kappa global de 0.8374. En cada antibiótico se encontraron dos cepas discordantes para INH, RIF (un falso resistente y un falso susceptible). En STR y EMB (dos falsos sensibles). El tiempo promedio de resultado para cualquiera de los antimicrobianos fue 6.5 días (rango 5-8 días) por MGIT, mientras que para PM fue 20 a 25 días. Conclusión: El presente estudio mostró que MGIT manual es concordante con PM, es rápido, sencillo y eficaz, para determinar la susceptibilidad de cepas de M. tuberculosis.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To evaluate the agreement of manual MGIT (mycobacteria growth indicator tube for antimicrobial susceptibility testing to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and streptomycin) for susceptibility testing vs proportion method on Lowenstein-Jensen (PM) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Methods: A total of forty-five isolates of M. tuberculosis were tested for susceptibility to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB), and streptomycin (SM). The strains were isolated in Montería, during 2003 and 2005. The agreement between the two assays mentioned was estimated by the Kappa test. Results: There were thirty-eight strains with identical results while 7 had discrepant results with both methods. The overall resistance to antituberculosis drugs were 33.3% y 31.1% for manual MGIT and PM, respectively. MDR was 5 (11.1%) by PM and 4 (8.8%) by manual MGIT. The agreement between MGIT AST and PM was 95.5% for all drug tested and overall kappa value 0.8374. Two discrepancies were found in each drug; with INH and RIF (one false resistant and one false susceptible). STR and EMB (two false susceptibles). Turnaround times were 5 to 8 days (median, 6.5 days) for MGIT and 20 to 25 days for MP. Conclusions: These preliminary data show a good level of agreement between manual MGIT AST SIRE and MP. Also MGIT is a rapid, easy and efficient method for the drug susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis.

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          Drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a neglected problem at the turn of the century.

          The prevailing opinion in most of the world is that drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates may not be necessary, especially in countries where the diagnosis of tuberculosis is based predominantly on sputum smear examination without culture isolation, and even if it were functionally important it is too expensive to be practical. However, we believe that the spread of primary drug resistance calls for immediate action to prevent the real threat in a number of countries of an epidemic of incurable polyresistant tuberculosis. One step in this direction, among other necessary measures, is implementation of a system for timely detection of drug resistance in new patients. An overview of the currently available methods for drug susceptibility testing, and those under development, is presented in this article. Our aim is to stimulate discussion regarding where, when, and which methods can and should be implemented now, and which of them has the best potential for the future. This overview includes phenotypic approaches based on conventional cultivation and other techniques, as well as perspectives for the genotypic principle. Regardless of the methods chosen for now or to be implemented in the future, they are all laboratory methods, and we contend that dreams of a revolutionary method which can do away with the laboratory are unrealistic, at least for the time being. We argue that it is essential to create a system of direct, centralized laboratory services in order to make drug susceptibility testing reliable, practical and affordable. Such centralized laboratories would provide both more timely and trustworthy diagnosis of tuberculosis, and facilitate detection of primary drug resistance. Although such systems would require significant initial investment, we suggest that, over time, they would prove highly cost-effective for many countries.
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            Multicenter evaluation of ethambutol susceptibility testing of mycobacterium tuberculosis by agar proportion and radiometric methods.

            Reproducibility of ethambutol (EMB) susceptibility test results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis has always been difficult for a variety of reasons, including the narrow range between the critical breakpoint for EMB resistance and the MIC for susceptible strains, borderline results obtained with the BACTEC 460TB method, the presence of microcolonies determined using the agar proportion (AP) method, and a lack of agreement between these two testing methods. To assess the frequency of these problems, M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility data were collected in a multicenter study involving four laboratories. Resistant, borderline, and susceptible isolates were shared among the laboratories to measure interlaboratory test agreement. Half of isolates determined by BACTEC 460TB to be resistant were determined to be susceptible by the AP method. Isolates determined to be resistant to EMB by both BACTEC 460TB and AP methods were almost always resistant to isoniazid. Results from isolates tested by the BACTEC 460TB method with an EMB concentration of 3.75 micro g/ml in addition to the standard 2.5 micro g/ml did not show improved agreement by the AP method. While these results do not indicate that the AP method is more accurate than the BACTEC 460TB method, laboratories should not report EMB monoresistance based on BACTEC 460TB results alone. Monoresistance to EMB should only be reported following confirmation by the AP method. Microcolonies could not be confirmed as resistant by the BACTEC 460TB method or by repeat testing with the AP method and do not appear to be indicative of resistance.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cm
                Colombia Médica
                Colomb. Med.
                Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia (Cali )
                1657-9534
                June 2008
                : 39
                : 2
                : 147-153
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Córdoba Spain
                [2 ] Universidad de Córdoba Spain
                [3 ] Universidad de Cartagena Venezuela
                Article
                S1657-95342008000200003
                b0c50804-b302-4928-85ee-1a4d78bcd2d4

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1657-9534&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Susceptibility,Isoniazid,Rifampin,Ethambutol,Streptomycin,M. tuberculosis,Susceptibilidad,Isoniacida,Rifampicina,Etambutol,Estreptomicina,Colombia

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