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      Triagem neonatal como um problema de saúde pública Translated title: The importance of the hemoglobinopathy detection in National Neonatal Screening Programs

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          Abstract

          Estudos realizados na população brasileira revelam que, no Brasil, existem aproximadamente 10 milhões de indivíduos heterozigotos para os genes da Hb S, da Hb C e da talassemia beta. Embora mais de 700 hemoglobinas variantes tenham sido descritas, apenas a forma homozigótica para HbS apresenta expressão clínica mais evidente; no entanto, as formas heterozigóticas HbAS e HbSC também representam um problema de saúde pública. Em geral, os indivíduos heterozigóticos desconhecem o fato de serem portadores assintomáticos (AS, AC) e, por isso, facilitam a propagação desses genes anômalos e sua interação com outras hemoglobinas variantes, talassemias, enzimopatias e esferocitoses. Como medida de prevenção e controle das hemoglobinopatias no Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde instituiu a portaria 822/01, que inclui a triagem de hemoglobinopatias no programa nacional de triagem neonatal (PNTN). O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a prevalência das hemoglobinopatias em crianças nascidas no período de janeiro a junho de 2003 no estado de Santa Catarina. Do total de 40.028 amostras analisadas, 399 (1%) apresentaram hemoglobinopatias, e, dessas, 88,47% apresentaramm o fenótipo AS; 7,76% AC; 2,25% AD; 0,75% SS e 0,5% SC. A triagem de hemoglobinopatias é uma análise importante para a prevenção das hemoglobinopatias, as quais representam um problema de saúde pública.

          Translated abstract

          Studies performed in the Brazilian population show that in Brazil there are around 10 million heterozygote individuals for the Hb S and Hb C genes and beta thalassemia. Although, over 700 hemoglobin variants have been described, only homozygous states for Hb S present significant and evident clinical disorders. Furthermore, the heterozygous Hb AS and Hb SC forms have important public health aspects. In general heterozygous individuals of hemoglobin variants (AS, AC) do not know that they have hemoglobin disorders because they are asymptomatic, therefore they facilitate the spread of these anomalous genes and interactions with other hemoglobin variants: thalassemias, enzymopathies and spherocytosis. As a preventive measure for hemoglobinopathy control, the Brazilian Health Ministry instituted a Directive that includes hemoglobinopathies in the National Neonatal Screening Program (PNTN). The aim of this work was to analyze the incidence of the hemoglobinopathies in newborn infants from January to June, 2003 in the State of Santa Catarina. A total of 40,028 samples from newborn infants were analyzed, 399 (1%) presented hemoglobinopathies as follows: 88.47% AS; 7.76% AC; 2.25% AD; 0.75% SS and 0.5% SC phenotypes. Screening for hemoglobinopathies represents an important tool for the prevention of hemoglobinopathies, which is a public health problem in Brazil.

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          Manual de diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças falciformes

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            Anemias imigrantes: origem das anemias hereditárias no Brasil

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbhh
                Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia
                Rev. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter.
                Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular (São Paulo )
                1806-0870
                March 2005
                : 27
                : 1
                : 43-47
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brazil
                [2 ] Professora do Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Laboratório Avançado de Qualidade em Saúde - LAQUAS Brasil
                Article
                S1516-84842005000100011
                10.1590/S1516-84842005000100011
                b0ddd3ea-eaf4-45ca-b467-b162d892fef4

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1516-8484&lng=en
                Categories
                HEMATOLOGY
                MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

                Medicine,Hematology
                Hemoglobinopathies,neonatal screening,public health,Hemoglobinopatias,triagem neonatal,saúde publica

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