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      Glucose Biosensors: An Overview of Use in Clinical Practice

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          Abstract

          Blood glucose monitoring has been established as a valuable tool in the management of diabetes. Since maintaining normal blood glucose levels is recommended, a series of suitable glucose biosensors have been developed. During the last 50 years, glucose biosensor technology including point-of-care devices, continuous glucose monitoring systems and noninvasive glucose monitoring systems has been significantly improved. However, there continues to be several challenges related to the achievement of accurate and reliable glucose monitoring. Further technical improvements in glucose biosensors, standardization of the analytical goals for their performance, and continuously assessing and training lay users are required. This article reviews the brief history, basic principles, analytical performance, and the present status of glucose biosensors in the clinical practice.

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          Most cited references111

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          Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030.

          The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and the number of people of all ages with diabetes for years 2000 and 2030. Data on diabetes prevalence by age and sex from a limited number of countries were extrapolated to all 191 World Health Organization member states and applied to United Nations' population estimates for 2000 and 2030. Urban and rural populations were considered separately for developing countries. The prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000 and 4.4% in 2030. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. The prevalence of diabetes is higher in men than women, but there are more women with diabetes than men. The urban population in developing countries is projected to double between 2000 and 2030. The most important demographic change to diabetes prevalence across the world appears to be the increase in the proportion of people >65 years of age. These findings indicate that the "diabetes epidemic" will continue even if levels of obesity remain constant. Given the increasing prevalence of obesity, it is likely that these figures provide an underestimate of future diabetes prevalence.
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            Electrode systems for continuous monitoring in cardiovascular surgery.

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              Electrochemical glucose sensors and their applications in diabetes management.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
                1424-8220
                2010
                4 May 2010
                : 10
                : 5
                : 4558-4576
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, College of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejon, Korea; E-Mail: yooeh@ 123456kyuh.co.kr
                [2 ] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
                Author notes
                [* ] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: suddenbz@ 123456skku.edu ; Tel.: +82-2-3410-1834; Fax: +82-2-3410-2719.
                Article
                sensors-10-04558
                10.3390/s100504558
                3292132
                22399892
                b0f4e919-9586-4028-97cf-e5695fa43ffd
                © 2010 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

                This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                : 11 February 2010
                : 18 March 2010
                : 22 April 2010
                Categories
                Review

                Biomedical engineering
                glucose biosensor,point-of-care testing,diabetes mellitus,self-monitoring of blood glucose,performance

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