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Abstract
The hypocretins/orexins are hypothalamic peptides most recognized for their significant
effects on feeding and arousal. Indeed, loss of the peptides results in a cataplexy
quite similar to that observed canine models of human narcolepsy. However, neurons
producing these peptides project to numerous brain sites known to be important in
neuroendocrine regulation of pituitary function and autonomic centers as well. Results
from numerous laboratories have suggested broad physiological roles for the hypocretins/orexins
in neuroendocrine and autonomic regulation as a consequence of actions in the dorsal
vagal complex, paraventricular nucleus, and pituitary. This review focuses upon evidence
for potential physiologic roles for the peptides in these sites.