Pestalotiopsis revisited

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Abstract

Species of Pestalotiopsis occur commonly as plant pathogens, and represent a fungal group known to produce a wide range of chemically novel, diverse metabolites. In the present study, we investigated 91 Pestalotiopsis isolates from the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS) culture collection. The phylogeny of the Amphisphaeriaceae was constructed based on analysis of 28S nrRNA gene (LSU) sequence data, and taxonomic changes are proposed to reflect more natural groupings. We combined morphological and DNA data, and segregated two novel genera from Pestalotiopsis, namely Neopestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis. The three genera are easily distinguishable on the basis of their conidiogenous cells and colour of their median conidial cells. We coupled morphological and combined sequence data of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial β-tubulin ( TUB) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha ( TEF) gene regions, which revealed 30 clades in Neopestalotiopsis and 43 clades in Pestalotiopsis. Based on these data, 11 new species are introduced in Neopestalotiopsis, 24 in Pestalotiopsis, and two in Pseudopestalotiopsis. Several new combinations are proposed to emend monophyly of Neopestalotiopsis, Pestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis.

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Most cited references 111

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Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order in hominoidea.

Hirohisa Kishino, Masami Hasegawa (1989)

A maximum likelihood method for inferring evolutionary trees from DNA sequence data was developed by Felsenstein (1981). In evaluating the extent to which the maximum likelihood tree is a significantly better representation of the true tree, it is important to estimate the variance of the difference between log likelihood of different tree topologies. Bootstrap resampling can be used for this purpose (Hasegawa et al. 1988; Hasegawa and Kishino 1989), but it imposes a great computation burden. To overcome this difficulty, we developed a new method for estimating the variance by expressing it explicitly. The method was applied to DNA sequence data from primates in order to evaluate the maximum likelihood branching order among Hominoidea. It was shown that, although the orangutan is convincingly placed as an outgroup of a human and African apes clade, the branching order among human, chimpanzee, and gorilla cannot be determined confidently from the DNA sequence data presently available when the evolutionary rate constancy is not assumed.

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Two divergent intragenomic rDNA ITS2 types within a monophyletic lineage of the fungus Fusarium are nonorthologous.

K. O'Donnell, E Cigelnik (1997)

The evolutionary history of the phytopathogenic Gibberella fujikuroi complex of Fusarium and related species was investigated by cladistic analysis of DNA sequences obtained from multiple unlinked loci. Gene phylogenies inferred from the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) rDNA, nuclear 28S rDNA, and beta-tubulin gene were generally concordant, providing strong support for a fully resolved phylogeny of all biological and most morphological species. Discordance of the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) gene tree is due to paralogous or xenologous ITS2 sequences. PCR and sequence analysis demonstrated that every strain of the ingroup species tested possesses two highly divergent nonorthologous ITS2 types designated type I and type II. Only the major ITS2 type, however, is discernable when PCR products are amplified and sequenced directly with conserved primers. The minor ITS2 type was recovered using ITS2 type-specific PCR primers. Distribution of the major ITS2 type within the species lineages exhibits a homoplastic pattern of evolution, thus obscuring true phylogenetic relationships. The results suggest that the ancestral ITS2 types may have arisen following an ancient interspecific hybridization or gene duplication which occurred prior to the evolutionary radiation of the Gibberella fujikuroi complex and related species of Fusarium. The results also indicate that current morphological-based taxonomic schemes for these fungi are unnatural and a new classification is required.

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Positional effect of single bulge nucleotide on PNA(peptide nucleic acid)/DNA hybrid stability

Takafumi N. Sugimoto, K. Yamamoto, N Satoh (1999)

We report positional effect of bulge nucleotide on PNA/DNA hybrid stability. CD spectra showed that PNA/DNA hybrids required at least seven base pairings at a stem region to form a bulged structure. On the other hand, DNA/DNA could form bulged structure when there are only four base pairings adjacent to the bulge nucleotide. We discuss why PNA requests such a many base pairings to form bulged structure from a nearest neighbor standpoint.

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Author and article information

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K.D. Hyde

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Stud Mycol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Stud. Mycol

Title: Studies in Mycology

Publisher: CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre

ISSN (Print): 0166-0616

ISSN (Electronic): 1872-9797

Publication date PMC-release: 29 October 2014

Publication date (Print): September 2014

Publication date (Electronic): 29 October 2014

Volume: 79

Pages: 121-186

Affiliations

[1 ]Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China

[2 ]World Agroforestry Centre, China & East-Asia Office, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China

[3 ]Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand

[4 ]CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands

[5 ]Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa

[6 ]Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands

Author notes

[∗ ] Correspondence: K.D. Hyde, kdhyde3@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: S0166-0616(14)00011-6

DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.005

PMC ID: 4255583

PubMed ID: 25492988

SO-VID: b1672dc1-9e1d-4761-bf32-66cefa77ff60

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).

Pestalotiopsis revisited

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Abstract

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Pensoft Biodiversity

Most cited references 111

Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order in hominoidea.

Two divergent intragenomic rDNA ITS2 types within a monophyletic lineage of the fungus Fusarium are nonorthologous.

Positional effect of single bulge nucleotide on PNA(peptide nucleic acid)/DNA hybrid stability

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