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      Undergraduate students’ norms for the Chinese version of the symptom check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R)

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          Abstract

          Background

          Despite widespread application of the Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R) for Chinese undergraduate students, there are no appropriate norms for them. The aim of this study is to provide norms for the Chinese version of the tool for undergraduate students using a large and representative sample .

          Methods

          Four thousand eight hundred sixty students completed the scale of SCL-90. The mean scores obtained in the present study were compared with mean scores from previous normative samples.

          Results

          The mean scores for nine subscales of the SCL-90-R ranged from (1.36 ± 0.46) ~ (1.77 ± 0.63) and the mean (standard deviation) Global Severity Index ( GSI) was 1.50 (0.49). Relative to previous normative studies, the findings suggested that Chinese undergraduate students’ self-reported mental health symptoms decreased in interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, and paranoid ideation subscales.

          Conclusion

          It is necessary to revise the norms of the Chinese version of the SCL-90-R for undergraduate students.

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          Most cited references24

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          The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R): a German validation study.

          The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R) is a widely used psychological status symptom inventory. The properties of the German SCL-90-R version were studied in two clinical samples: psychosomatic outpatients and primary care patients. The data were compared with a German community sample. The internal consistency, measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficients, was found to be high, for the global scale and all original subscales. Mokken scale analysis indicated hierarchical structure for most of the subscales. Concurrent validity, evaluated by studying the relationship between the SCL-90-R subscales and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-C) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was also high. On the basis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, it was found that the SCL-90-R was able to differentiate between subjects known to have a given psychological disorder and those who do not. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis failed to support the original nine factor model and two subsequent factor models. The strong interdependence of the original subscales and the strong first unrotated factor of the exploratory factor analyses raised concern regarding the multi-dimensionality of the SCL-90-R subscales. We concluded that the SCL-90-R is a useful tool for measuring psychological status, measuring change in outcome studies, or screening for mental disorders.
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            Measurement reliability and agreement in psychiatry

            Psychiatric research has benefited from attention to measurement theories of reliability, and reliability/agreement statistics for psychopathology ratings and diagnoses are regularly reported in empirical reports. Nevertheless, there are still controversies regarding how reliability should be measured, and the amount of resources that should be spent on studying measurement quality in research programs. These issues are discussed in the context of recent theoretical and technical contributions to the statistical analysis of reliability. Special attention is paid to statistical studies published since Kraemer's 1992 review of reliability methods in this journal.
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              Psychometric properties of the symptom check list 90 (SCL-90) for Chinese undergraduate students

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                wanchh1964@qq.com
                Journal
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2458
                21 October 2020
                21 October 2020
                2020
                : 20
                : 1588
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.410560.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1760 3078, Department of Psychology Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, , Guangdong Medical University, ; Dongguan, 523808 China
                [2 ]GRID grid.410560.6, ISNI 0000 0004 1760 3078, School of Humanities and Management, Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, , Guangdong Medical University, ; Dongguan, 523808 China
                [3 ]GRID grid.24516.34, ISNI 0000000123704535, Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, The East Translational Medicine Platform, , Tongji University, ; Shanghai, 200092 China
                [4 ]GRID grid.254567.7, ISNI 0000 0000 9075 106X, Department of Psychology, , University of South Carolina, ; Columbia, SC 29212 USA
                [5 ]GRID grid.285847.4, ISNI 0000 0000 9588 0960, School of Public Health, , Kunming Medical University, ; Kunming, 650021 China
                [6 ]GRID grid.285847.4, ISNI 0000 0000 9588 0960, School of International Education, , Kunming Medical University, ; Kunming, 650021 China
                Article
                9689
                10.1186/s12889-020-09689-z
                7579932
                33087089
                b271cf9e-0be6-4422-be05-21ed3b33de46
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 2 November 2019
                : 13 October 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China
                Award ID: 2009BAI77B05
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (CN)
                Award ID: 2018GXJK059
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Public health
                mental health,scl-90-r,norms,undergraduate students,chinese version
                Public health
                mental health, scl-90-r, norms, undergraduate students, chinese version

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