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      Effect of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota composition in developing mice Translated title: Efecto de la rueda voluntaria que gira sobre la composición de la microbiota intestinal en ratones en desarrollo

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          Abstract

          Abstract Background: exercise can increase the species and quantity of beneficial gut microbiota, enrich the diversity of microflora, and promote the development of symbiotic bacteria, especially in the stage of ontogeny. However, there is little evidence of the short-term voluntary exercise effect on the gut microbiota in developing mice. Material and method: therefore, we used short-term voluntary wheel running model to study the gut microbiota of developing mice (1 month old), and detected the fecal samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: the results showed that after 4 weeks of voluntary wheel running, the body weight of the running group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: there was a significant separation between the running group and the control group in beta diversity measures. At the family level, the clostridiales flora of the running group was higher than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the abundance of parabacteroides flora and anaerovorax flora increased significantly, and the abundance of anaerotruncus flora and odoribacter flora decreased significantly in the running group. These results showed that gut microbiota be affected after short-term voluntary wheel running in developing mice.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: el ejercicio puede aumentar las especies y la cantidad de microbiota intestinal beneficiosa, enriquecer la diversidad de la microflora y promover el desarrollo de bacterias simbióticas, especialmente en la etapa de ontogenia. Sin embargo, hay poca evidencia del efecto del ejercicio voluntario a corto plazo sobre la microbiota intestinal en ratones en desarrollo. Material y método: por lo tanto, utilizamos un modelo de carrera de ruedas voluntario a corto plazo para estudiar la microbiota intestinal de ratones en desarrollo (1 mes de edad) y detectamos las muestras fecales mediante la secuenciación del gen 16S rRNA. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que después de 4 semanas de carrera voluntaria con ruedas, el peso corporal del grupo de carrera fue significativamente más bajo que el del grupo de control. Conclusión: hubo una diferencia significativa entre el grupo de corredores y el grupo de control en las medidas de diversidad beta. A nivel familiar, la flora de clostridiales del grupo de corredores fue mayor que la del grupo de control. En comparación con el grupo de control, la abundancia de flora parabacteroides y flora anaerovorax aumentó significativamente, y la abundancia de flora anaerotruncus y flora odoribacter disminuyó significativamente en el grupo de carrera. Estos resultados mostraron que la microbiota intestinal se ve afectada después de la carrera voluntaria a corto plazo en ratones en desarrollo.

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          Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample.

          The ongoing revolution in high-throughput sequencing continues to democratize the ability of small groups of investigators to map the microbial component of the biosphere. In particular, the coevolution of new sequencing platforms and new software tools allows data acquisition and analysis on an unprecedented scale. Here we report the next stage in this coevolutionary arms race, using the Illumina GAIIx platform to sequence a diverse array of 25 environmental samples and three known "mock communities" at a depth averaging 3.1 million reads per sample. We demonstrate excellent consistency in taxonomic recovery and recapture diversity patterns that were previously reported on the basis of metaanalysis of many studies from the literature (notably, the saline/nonsaline split in environmental samples and the split between host-associated and free-living communities). We also demonstrate that 2,000 Illumina single-end reads are sufficient to recapture the same relationships among samples that we observe with the full dataset. The results thus open up the possibility of conducting large-scale studies analyzing thousands of samples simultaneously to survey microbial communities at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.
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            An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest.

            The worldwide obesity epidemic is stimulating efforts to identify host and environmental factors that affect energy balance. Comparisons of the distal gut microbiota of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates, as well as those of obese and lean human volunteers have revealed that obesity is associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. Here we demonstrate through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that these changes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota. Our results indicate that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet. Furthermore, this trait is transmissible: colonization of germ-free mice with an 'obese microbiota' results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a 'lean microbiota'. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity.
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              Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior

              Microbial colonization of mammals is an evolution-driven process that modulate host physiology, many of which are associated with immunity and nutrient intake. Here, we report that colonization by gut microbiota impacts mammalian brain development and subsequent adult behavior. Using measures of motor activity and anxiety-like behavior, we demonstrate that germ free (GF) mice display increased motor activity and reduced anxiety, compared with specific pathogen free (SPF) mice with a normal gut microbiota. This behavioral phenotype is associated with altered expression of genes known to be involved in second messenger pathways and synaptic long-term potentiation in brain regions implicated in motor control and anxiety-like behavior. GF mice exposed to gut microbiota early in life display similar characteristics as SPF mice, including reduced expression of PSD-95 and synaptophysin in the striatum. Hence, our results suggest that the microbial colonization process initiates signaling mechanisms that affect neuronal circuits involved in motor control and anxiety behavior.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                August 2022
                : 39
                : 4
                : 896-904
                Affiliations
                [2] Nanchang orgnameJiangxi Science and Technology Normal University orgdiv1Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry China
                [4] Nanchang orgnameJiangxi Science and Technology Normal University orgdiv1School of Life Science China
                [3] Guangzhou orgnameGuangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine orgdiv1Clinical School of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation China
                [1] Nanchang orgnameJiangxi Science and Technology Normal University orgdiv1School of Sport Science China
                Article
                S0212-16112022000600022 S0212-1611(22)03900400022
                10.20960/nh.03944
                b29180b1-a43b-4654-89ec-9d3ed3ce77cc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 November 2021
                : 03 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original Papers

                Mice,Excise,Gut microbiota,Ratones,Marcha voluntaria de la rueda,Extirpar,Microbiota intestinal,Voluntary wheel running

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