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      Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibodies in Dried Blood Spot Samples

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          Abstract

          Dried blood spot (DBS) samples can be used for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibodies. DBS sampling is comparable to matched serum samples with a relative 98.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Thus, DBS sampling offers an alternative for population-wide serologic testing in the coronavirus pandemic.

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          Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

          Daniel Wrapp, Nianshuang Wang, Kizzmekia S. Corbett … (2020)
          Structure of the nCoV trimeric spike The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) to be a public health emergency of international concern. The virus binds to host cells through its trimeric spike glycoprotein, making this protein a key target for potential therapies and diagnostics. Wrapp et al. determined a 3.5-angstrom-resolution structure of the 2019-nCoV trimeric spike protein by cryo–electron microscopy. Using biophysical assays, the authors show that this protein binds at least 10 times more tightly than the corresponding spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–CoV to their common host cell receptor. They also tested three antibodies known to bind to the SARS-CoV spike protein but did not detect binding to the 2019-nCoV spike protein. These studies provide valuable information to guide the development of medical counter-measures for 2019-nCoV. Science, this issue p. 1260
          Article 0 comments Cited 4154 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens

            Wenling Wang, Yanli Xu, Ruqin Gao … (2020)
            This study describes results of PCR and viral RNA testing for SARS-CoV-2 in bronchoalveolar fluid, sputum, feces, blood, and urine specimens from patients with COVID-19 infection in China to identify possible means of non-respiratory transmission.
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              Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections

              Quan-Xin Long, Xiao-Jun Tang, Qiu-Lin Shi … (2020)
              The clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been well described. We studied 37 asymptomatic individuals in the Wanzhou District who were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections but without any relevant clinical symptoms in the preceding 14 d and during hospitalization. Asymptomatic individuals were admitted to the government-designated Wanzhou People's Hospital for centralized isolation in accordance with policy1. The median duration of viral shedding in the asymptomatic group was 19 d (interquartile range (IQR), 15-26 d). The asymptomatic group had a significantly longer duration of viral shedding than the symptomatic group (log-rank P = 0.028). The virus-specific IgG levels in the asymptomatic group (median S/CO, 3.4; IQR, 1.6-10.7) were significantly lower (P = 0.005) relative to the symptomatic group (median S/CO, 20.5; IQR, 5.8-38.2) in the acute phase. Of asymptomatic individuals, 93.3% (28/30) and 81.1% (30/37) had reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels, respectively, during the early convalescent phase, as compared to 96.8% (30/31) and 62.2% (23/37) of symptomatic patients. Forty percent of asymptomatic individuals became seronegative and 12.9% of the symptomatic group became negative for IgG in the early convalescent phase. In addition, asymptomatic individuals exhibited lower levels of 18 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that asymptomatic individuals had a weaker immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels in the early convalescent phase might have implications for immunity strategy and serological surveys.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): December 2020
                Volume: 26
                Issue: 12
                Pages: 2970-2973
                Affiliations
                [1]University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (G.L. Morley, S. Taylor, S. Jossi, M. Perez-Toledo, S.E. Faustini, E. Marcial-Juarez, A.M. Shields, M. Goodall, M.T. Drayson, A.F. Cunningham, A.G. Richter, M.K. O’Shea);
                [2]The Saving Lives Charity, Birmingham (S. Taylor);
                [3]University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (S. Taylor, A.M. Shields, A.G. Richter, M.K. O’Shea);
                [4]University of Southampton, Southampton, UK (J.D. Allen, Y. Watanabe, M.L. Newby, M. Crispin);
                [5]University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Y. Watanabe)
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Matthew K. O’Shea. Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; email: m.k.oshea@ 123456bham.ac.uk
                Article
                Publisher ID: 20-3309
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2612.203309
                PMC ID: 7706975
                PubMed ID: 32969788
                SO-VID: b29e9286-a944-46e5-8fb5-beb961de20c1
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2–Specific Antibodies in Dried Blood Spot Samples

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: covid-19,coronavirus disease,sars-cov-2,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,viruses,respiratory infections,zoonoses,antibody,dried blood spot,dbs
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: covid-19, coronavirus disease, sars-cov-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, viruses, respiratory infections, zoonoses, antibody, dried blood spot, dbs

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