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      Blood 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels and Incident Type 2 Diabetes : A meta-analysis of prospective studies

      research-article
      , MD, SCD 1 , , MD, PHD 1 , , MD, MS 2 , , PHD 3 , , MD, PHD 4 , , MD, DRPH 1 , 5 , , MD, PHD 3 , 5 , 6
      Diabetes Care
      American Diabetes Association

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE

          To quantitatively assess the strength and shape of the association between blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and incident risk of type 2 diabetes.

          RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

          A systematic search of the MEDLINE and Embase databases and a hand search of references from original reports were conducted up to 31 October 2012. Prospective observational studies that assessed the association between blood levels of 25(OH)D and risk of incident type 2 diabetes were included for meta-analysis. DerSimonian and Laird’s random-effects model was used. A quadratic spline regression analysis was used to examine the shape of the association with a generalized least-squares trend test performed for the dose-response relation.

          RESULTS

          A total of 21 prospective studies involving 76,220 participants and 4,996 incident type 2 diabetes cases were included for meta-analysis. Comparing the highest to the lowest category of 25(OH)D levels, the summary relative risk for type 2 diabetes was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.70). A spline regression model showed that higher 25(OH)D levels were monotonically associated with a lower diabetes risk. This inverse association did not differ by sex, duration of follow-up, study sample size, diabetes diagnostic criteria, or 25(OH)D assay method. A linear trend analysis showed that each 10 nmol/L increment in 25(OH)D levels was associated with a 4% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (95% CI 3–6; P for linear trend < 0.0001).

          CONCLUSIONS

          Our meta-analysis showed an inverse and significant association between circulating 25(OH)D levels and risk of type 2 diabetes across a broad range of blood 25(OH)D levels in diverse populations.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Diabetes Care
          Diabetes Care
          diacare
          dcare
          Diabetes Care
          Diabetes Care
          American Diabetes Association
          0149-5992
          1935-5548
          May 2013
          13 April 2013
          : 36
          : 5
          : 1422-1428
          Affiliations
          [1] 1Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
          [2] 2Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
          [3] 3Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
          [4] 4Epidemiology Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
          [5] 5Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
          [6] 6Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
          Author notes
          Corresponding author: Yiqing Song, ysong3@ 123456rics.bwh.harvard.edu .
          Article
          0962
          10.2337/dc12-0962
          3631862
          23613602
          b2bb2380-b336-49aa-8575-6942de579092
          © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association.

          Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

          History
          : 17 May 2012
          : 5 December 2012
          Page count
          Pages: 7
          Categories
          Meta-Analysis

          Endocrinology & Diabetes
          Endocrinology & Diabetes

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