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      Icam-1 participates in the entry of west nile virus into the central nervous system.

      Journal of Biology
      Animals, Brain, pathology, virology, Central Nervous System, Cytokines, biosynthesis, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, genetics, physiology, Leukocytes, immunology, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Neurons, Survival Analysis, West Nile Fever, West Nile virus

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          Abstract

          Determining how West Nile virus crosses the blood-brain barrier is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of encephalitis. Here, we show that ICAM-1(-/-) mice are more resistant than control animals to lethal West Nile encephalitis. ICAM-1(-/-) mice have a lower viral load, reduced leukocyte infiltration, and diminished neuronal damage in the brain compared to control animals. This is associated with decreased blood-brain barrier leakage after viral infection. These data suggest that ICAM-1 plays an important role in West Nile virus neuroinvasion and that targeting ICAM-1 signaling may help control viral encephalitis.

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