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      Actividad física, sedentarismo y preferencias en la práctica deportiva en niños: panorama actual en México Translated title: Physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and preferences in sports practice in children: current panorama in Mexico Translated title: Atividade física, sedentarismo e preferências na prática esportiva infantil: panorama atual no México

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El presente estudio busco conocer la prevalencia de actividad física, sedentarismo y preferencias en la práctica deportiva en niños de México, por sexo y edad. Se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística de 2,621 niños (47.1% niños y 52.5% niñas), con un promedio de edad de 9.86 años. Se utilizaron indicadores para evaluar la actividad física y las conductas sedentarias, así como, preguntas para conocer otros aspectos de las actividades físico deportivas. Los resultados mostraron que el mayor porcentaje de niños se clasifican como físicamente inactivos, encontrando diferencias significativas por sexo en el grupo de 11 a 13 años. Además, se encontró que una proporción importante de niños pasan más de dos horas al día frente a una pantalla. El mayor porcentaje de niños y niñas informaron que han practicado: fútbol soccer, correr y andar en bicicleta, y las actividades que más les gustaría practicar son el ping pong y escalar.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The present study sought to know the prevalence of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and preferences in sports practice in children from Mexico, by sex and age. A non-probabilistic sample of 2,621 children (47.1% boys and 52.5% girls) was selected, with an average age of 9.86 years. Indicators were used to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behaviors, as well as questions to learn about other aspects of physical sports activities. The results showed that the highest percentage of children are classified as physically inactive, finding significant differences by sex in the group aged 11 to 13 years. In addition, it was found that a significant proportion of children spend more than two hours a day in front of a screen. The highest percentage of boys and girls reported that they have practiced: soccer, running and cycling, and the activities they would most like to do are ping pong and climbing.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O presente estudo buscou conhecer a prevalência de atividade física, estilo de vida sedentário e preferências na prática esportiva em crianças mexicanas, por sexo e idade. Foi selecionada uma amostra não probabilística de 2.621 crianças (47,1% meninos e 52,5% meninas), com média de idade de 9,86 anos. Indicadores foram usados para avaliar a atividade física e comportamentos sedentários, bem como questões para aprender sobre outros aspectos das atividades físicas esportivas. Os resultados mostraram que o maior percentual de crianças é classificado como inativo fisicamente, encontrando diferenças significativas por sexo no grupo de 11 a 13 anos. Além disso, constatou-se que uma proporção significativa de crianças passa mais de duas horas por dia em frente a uma tela. O maior percentual de meninos e meninas relatou que já praticou: futebol, corrida e ciclismo, e as atividades que mais gostariam de fazer são pingue-pongue e escaladad.

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          Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth.

          Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is essential for disease prevention and health promotion. Emerging evidence suggests other intensities of physical activity (PA), including light-intensity activity (LPA), may also be important, but there has been no rigorous evaluation of the evidence. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between objectively measured PA (total and all intensities) and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Online databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies that met the a priori inclusion criteria: population (apparently healthy, aged 5-17 years), intervention/exposure/comparator (volumes, durations, frequencies, intensities, and patterns of objectively measured PA), and outcome (body composition, cardiometabolic biomarkers, physical fitness, behavioural conduct/pro-social behaviour, cognition/academic achievement, quality of life/well-being, harms, bone health, motor skill development, psychological distress, self-esteem). Heterogeneity among studies precluded meta-analyses; narrative synthesis was conducted. A total of 162 studies were included (204 171 participants from 31 countries). Overall, total PA was favourably associated with physical, psychological/social, and cognitive health indicators. Relationships were more consistent and robust for higher (e.g., MVPA) versus lower (e.g., LPA) intensity PA. All patterns of activity (sporadic, bouts, continuous) provided benefit. LPA was favourably associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers; data were scarce for other outcomes. These findings continue to support the importance of at least 60 min/day of MVPA for disease prevention and health promotion in children and youth, but also highlight the potential benefits of LPA and total PA. All intensities of PA should be considered in future work aimed at better elucidating the health benefits of PA in children and youth.
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            Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología

            En este trabajo se elabora un marco conceptual y se desarrollan unos principios básicos para fundamentar un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación más usuales en psicología basado en tres estrategias (manipulativa, asociativa y descriptiva) de donde emanan varios tipos de estudios, tres para la estrategia manipulativa (experimentales, cuasiexperimentales y de caso único), tres para la asociativa (comparativos, predictivos y explicativos) y dos para la descriptiva (observacionales y selectivos).
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              A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport

              Background There are specific guidelines regarding the level of physical activity (PA) required to provide health benefits. However, the research underpinning these PA guidelines does not address the element of social health. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence about the levels or types of PA associated specifically with psychological health. This paper first presents the results of a systematic review of the psychological and social health benefits of participation in sport by children and adolescents. Secondly, the information arising from the systematic review has been used to develop a conceptual model. Methods A systematic review of 14 electronic databases was conducted in June 2012, and studies published since 1990 were considered for inclusion. Studies that addressed mental and/or social health benefits from participation in sport were included. Results A total of 3668 publications were initially identified, of which 30 met the selection criteria. There were many different psychological and social health benefits reported, with the most commonly being improved self-esteem, social interaction followed by fewer depressive symptoms. Sport may be associated with improved psychosocial health above and beyond improvements attributable to participation in PA. Specifically, team sport seems to be associated with improved health outcomes compared to individual activities, due to the social nature of the participation. A conceptual model, Health through Sport, is proposed. The model depicts the relationship between psychological, psychosocial and social health domains, and their positive associations with sport participation, as reported in the literature. However, it is acknowledged that the capacity to determine the existence and direction of causal links between participation and health is limited by the fact that the majority of studies identified (n=21) were cross-sectional. Conclusion It is recommended that community sport participation is advocated as a form of leisure time PA for children and adolescents, in an effort to not only improve physical health in relation to such matters as the obesity crisis, but also to enhance psychological and social health outcomes. It is also recommended that the causal link between participation in sport and psychosocial health be further investigated and the conceptual model of Health through Sport tested.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                April 2022
                : 22
                : 1
                : 100-115
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Anáhuac Mexico
                Article
                S1578-84232022000100009 S1578-8423(22)02200100009
                10.6018/cpd.429581
                b3751e51-af6e-4ff3-957b-a1099ff7b9a6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 July 2021
                : 26 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Psicología del Deporte

                conductas sedentarias,infância,esportes,comportamentos sedentários,Atividade física,infancia,deportes,Actividad física,childhood,sports,sedentary behaviors,Physical activation

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