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      FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of their Mechanical Properties

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          Abstract

          As biodegradable thermoplastics are more and more penetrating the market of filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing, fillers in the form of natural fibers are convenient: They have the clear advantage of reducing cost, yet retaining the filament biodegradability characteristics. In plastics that are processed through standard techniques (e.g., extrusion or injection molding), natural fibers have a mild reinforcing function, improving stiffness and strength, it is thus interesting to evaluate whether the same holds true also in the case of FDM produced components. The results analyzed in this review show that the mechanical properties of the most common materials, i.e., acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and PLA, do not benefit from biofillers, while other less widely used polymers, such as the polyolefins, are found to become more performant. Much research has been devoted to studying the effect of additive formulation and processing parameters on the mechanical properties of biofilled 3D printed specimens. The results look promising due to the relevant number of articles published in this field in the last few years. This notwithstanding, not all aspects have been explored and more could potentially be obtained through modifications of the usual FDM techniques and the devices that have been used so far.

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          Most cited references77

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          Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges

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            3D printing of polymer matrix composites: A review and prospective

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              Natural fibres as reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) composites

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Polymers (Basel)
                Polymers (Basel)
                polymers
                Polymers
                MDPI
                2073-4360
                28 June 2019
                July 2019
                : 11
                : 7
                : 1094
                Affiliations
                Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, via Saragat 1, Ferrara 44122, Italy
                Author notes
                Article
                polymers-11-01094
                10.3390/polym11071094
                6680682
                31261607
                b3946e10-5ac8-41d3-a55f-aeecc96f562d
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 30 May 2019
                : 24 June 2019
                Categories
                Review

                natural fibers,biocomposites,3d printing,fused deposition modeling,mechanical properties

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