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      The Influence of Speed and Grade on Wheelchair Propulsion Hand Pattern

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          Abstract

          Background

          The hand pattern used during manual wheelchair propulsion (i.e., full-cycle hand path) can provide insight into an individual's propulsion technique. However, previous analyses of hand patterns have been limited by their focus on a single propulsion condition and reliance on subjective qualitative characterization methods. The purpose of this study was to develop a set of objective quantitative parameters to characterize hand patterns and determine the influence of propulsion speed and grade of incline on the patterns preferred by manual wheelchair users.

          Methods

          Kinematic and kinetic data were collected from 170 experienced manual wheelchair users on an ergometer during three conditions: level propulsion at their self-selected speed, level propulsion at their fastest comfortable speed, and graded propulsion (8%) at their level self-selected speed. Hand patterns were quantified using a set of objective parameters and differences across conditions were identified.

          Findings

          Increased propulsion speed resulted in a shift away from under-rim hand patterns. Increased grade of incline resulted in the hand remaining near the handrim throughout the cycle.

          Interpretation

          Manual wheelchair users change their hand pattern based on task-specific constraints and goals. Further work is needed to investigate how differences between hand patterns influence upper extremity demand and potentially lead to the development of overuse injuries and pain.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          8611877
          21436
          Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)
          Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)
          Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
          0268-0033
          1879-1271
          25 July 2015
          21 July 2015
          November 2015
          01 November 2016
          : 30
          : 9
          : 927-932
          Affiliations
          [a ]Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
          [b ]Pathokinesiology Laboratory, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA, USA
          [c ]Rehabilitation Engineering, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA, USA
          Author notes
          Address correspondence to: Richard R. Neptune, PhD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E. Dean Keeton Street, Stop C2200, Austin, TX 78712, USA, rneptune@ 123456mail.utexas.edu , Tel: 512-471-0848, Fax: 512-471-8727
          Article
          PMC4631660 PMC4631660 4631660 nihpa709966
          10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.07.007
          4631660
          26228706
          b3c29db7-0bff-4e79-ac41-02ff5352c0ea
          History
          Categories
          Article

          Propulsion pattern,propulsion technique,speed,incline,manual wheelchair

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