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      Gold nanoparticles - the theranostic challenge for PPPM: nanocardiology application

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          Abstract

          The article overviews the potential biomedical applications of nanoscale gold particles for predictive, preventive and personalised nanomedicine in cardiology. The review demonstrates the wide opportunities for gold nanoparticles due to their unique biological properties. The use of gold nanoparticles in cardiology is promising to develop fundamentally new methods of diagnosis and treatment. The nanotheranostics in cardiovascular diseases allows the non-invasive imaging associated with simultaneous therapeutic intervention and predicting treatment outcomes. Imaging may reflect the effectiveness of treatment and has become a fundamental optimisation setting for therapeutic protocol. Combining the application of biomolecular and cellular therapies with nanotechnologies foresees the development of complex integrated nanodevices. Nanocardiology may challenge existing healthcare system and economic benefits as cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality at present.

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          Spectral Properties and Relaxation Dynamics of Surface Plasmon Electronic Oscillations in Gold and Silver Nanodots and Nanorods

          Stephan Link, Mostafa A El-Sayed (1999)
          Article 0 comments Cited 533 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles and their endocytotic fate inside the cellular compartment: a microscopic overview.

            Ravi Shukla, Vipul Bansal, Minakshi Chaudhary … (2005)
            Macrophages are one of the principal immune effector cells that play essential roles as secretory, phagocytic, and antigen-presenting cells in the immune system. In this study, we address the issue of cytotoxicity and immunogenic effects of gold nanoparticles on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles has been correlated with a detailed study of their endocytotic uptake using various microscopy tools such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), confocal-laser-scanning microscopy (CFLSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our findings suggest that Au(0) nanoparticles are not cytotoxic, reduce the production of reactive oxygen and nitrite species, and do not elicit secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL1-beta, making them suitable candidates for nanomedicine. AFM measurements suggest that gold nanoparticles are internalized inside the cell via a mechanism involving pinocytosis, while CFLSM and TEM studies indicate their internalization in lysosomal bodies arranged in perinuclear fashion. Our studies thus underline the noncytotoxic, nonimmunogenic, and biocompatible properties of gold nanoparticles with the potential for application in nanoimmunology, nanomedicine, and nanobiotechnology.
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              Nanoparticle-based bio-bar codes for the ultrasensitive detection of proteins.

              Jwa-Min Nam, C. Shad Thaxton, Chad A. Mirkin (2003)
              An ultrasensitive method for detecting protein analytes has been developed. The system relies on magnetic microparticle probes with antibodies that specifically bind a target of interest [prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in this case] and nanoparticle probes that are encoded with DNA that is unique to the protein target of interest and antibodies that can sandwich the target captured by the microparticle probes. Magnetic separation of the complexed probes and target followed by dehybridization of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticle probe surface allows the determination of the presence of the target protein by identifying the oligonucleotide sequence released from the nanoparticle probe. Because the nanoparticle probe carries with it a large number of oligonucleotides per protein binding event, there is substantial amplification and PSA can be detected at 30 attomolar concentration. Alternatively, a polymerase chain reaction on the oligonucleotide bar codes can boost the sensitivity to 3 attomolar. Comparable clinically accepted conventional assays for detecting the same target have sensitivity limits of approximately 3 picomdar, six orders of magnitude less sensitive than what is observed with this method.
              Article 0 comments Cited 338 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Mykola Ya Spivak
                Rostyslav V Bubnov
                Ilya M Yemets
                Liudmyla M Lazarenko
                Natalia O Tymoshok
                Zoia R Ulberg
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): EPMA J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): EPMA J
                Title: The EPMA Journal
                Publisher: BioMed Central
                ISSN (Print): 1878-5077
                ISSN (Electronic): 1878-5085
                Publication date Collection: 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 June 2013
                Volume: 4
                Issue: 1
                Page: 18
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zabolotny Str., 154, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
                [2 ]LCL “DIAPROF”, Svitlycky Str., 35, Kyiv 04123, Ukraine
                [3 ]Clinical Hospital “Pheophania” of State Affairs Department, Zabolotny Str., 21, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
                [4 ]Scientific-Practical Centre of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Health of Ukraine, Chornovil Str., 28/1, Kyiv 01135, Ukraine
                [5 ]Ovcharenko Institute of Biocolloidal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Acad. Vernadsky Blvd, 42, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1878-5085-4-18
                DOI: 10.1186/1878-5085-4-18
                PMC ID: 3702527
                PubMed ID: 23800174
                SO-VID: b3da1495-9912-48d8-9a49-72b63214276e
                Copyright © Copyright ©2013 Spivak et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 3 April 2013
                Date accepted : 13 June 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine
                Keywords: predictive, preventive and personalised medicine,nanomedicine,gold nanoparticles,drug delivery,sonoporation,theranostics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine
                Keywords: predictive, preventive and personalised medicine, nanomedicine, gold nanoparticles, drug delivery, sonoporation, theranostics

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